Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Recombinant dna technique included in method of making a...
Patent
1995-06-07
2000-09-19
Hutzell, Paula K.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Recombinant dna technique included in method of making a...
435 721, 4352523, 435325, 536 231, C12P 2106
Patent
active
061210153
ABSTRACT:
A gene, flanking 5' and 3' sequences and derived cDNA encoding a rat D.sub.4 dopamine receptor that is predominantly located in the cardiovascular and retinal systems is disclosed. The cDNA has been expressed in transfected mammalian cells and demonstrated to preferentially bind dopamine antagonists such as clozapine. The cDNA is useful as a probe for related D.sub.4 dopamine receptors. Expressed in appropriate cell lines, it is useful as an in vitro screen for drugs which specifically bind to the receptor. Drugs that specifically bind to the receptor are then screened using standard methodology in rats, mice or dogs, for the physiological effects. Amino acids deduced from the determination of cDNA can be used to generate either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies which recognize the D.sub.4 receptor sequence but do not recognize D.sub.1, D.sub.2, D.sub.3 or D.sub.5 dopamenergic receptors, for use in immunocytochemical studies, and for identification and isolation via flow sorting of D4 expressing cell types. Antibodies could also be used to block or modify the effects of D4 agonists and/or antagonists. It is also demonstrated that selective stimulation or inhibition of some dopamine receptors, including D.sub.4, can be used to induce changes in the morphology of cells such as neurons.
REFERENCES:
Van Tol, H. H. M. 1991. Nature, 350:610-614.
Goldberg, L.I. et al. 1987. Cardiologia, 32:1603-7.
1/ Toyn, J H et al. Gene 104(1): 63-70, 1991.
2/ Patanjali et al. PNAS, USA 88(5): 1943-7, 1991.
Benes, F.M., et al., "Quantitative Cytoarchitectural Studies of the Cerebral Cortex of Schizophrenics", 43 Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 31-35 (1986).
Brodde, O., "Physiology and Pharmacology of Cardiovascular Catecholamine Receptors: Implications for Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure", 120 American Heart Journal 1565-1572 (1990).
Bunzow, J.R., et al., "Cloning and Expression of a Rat D.sub.2 Dopamine Receptor cDNA", 336 Nature 783-787 (1988).
Chan, Y., et al., "The Nucleotide Sequence of a Rat 18 S Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Gene and a Proposal for the Secondary Structure of 18 S Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid", 259 The Journal of Biological Chemistry 224-230 (1984).
Chen, C. and H. Okayama, "High-efficiency Transformation of Mammalian Cells by Plasmid DNA", 7 Molecular and Cellular Biology 2745-2752 (1987).
Chen, E.Y. and P.H. Seeburg, "Supercoil Sequencing: A Fast and Simple Method for Sequencing Plasmid DNA", 4 DNA 165-170 (1985).
Choi, H.K., et al., "Immortalization of Embryonic Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons by Somatic Cell Fusion", 552 Brain Research 67-76 (1991).
Chomczynski, P. and N. Sacchi, "Single-step Method of RNA Isolation by Acid Guanidinium Thiocyanate-Phenol-Chloroform Extraction", 162 Analytical Biochemistry 156-159 (1987).
Cohen, A.I., et al., "Photoreceptors of Mouse Retinas Possess D.sub.4 Receptors Coupled to Adenylate Cyclase", 89 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 12093-12097 (1992).
Dearry, A., et al., "Molecular Cloning and Expression of the Gene for a Human D.sub.1 Dopamine Receptor", 347 Nature 72-76 (1990).
Feinberg, A.P. and B. Vogelstein, "A Technique for Radiolabeling DNA Restriction Endonuclease Fragments to High Specific Activity", 137 Analytical Biochemistry 266-267 Addendum (1984).
Fitton, A. and R.C. Heel, "Clozapine A Review of its Pharmacological Properties, and Therapeutic Use in Schizophrenia", 40 (5) Drugs 722-747 (1990).
Gandelman, I., et al., "Species and Regional Differences in the Expression of Cell-Type Specific Elements at the Human and Rat Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Loci", 55 J. Neurochem. 2149-2152 (1990).
Gelernter, J., "The D4 Dopamine Receptor (DRD4) Maps to Distal 11p Close to HRAS", 13 Genomics 208-210 (1992).
Giros, B., et al., "Shorter Variants of the D.sub.2 Dopamine Receptor Produced Through Various Patterns of Alternative Splicing", 176 Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1584-1592 (1991).
Graham, F.L., and A.J. Van Der Eb, "A New Technique for the Assay of Infectivity of Human Adenovirus 5 DNA", 52 Virology 456-467 (1973).
Hamblin, M.W., et al., "Interactions of Agonists with D-2 Dopamine Receptors: Evidence for a Single Receptor Population Existing in Multiple Agonist Affinity-States in Rat Striatal Membranes", 33 Biochemical Pharmacology 877-887 (1984).
Y. Jeste and J.B. Lohr, "Hippocampal Pathologic Findings on Schizophrenia", 46 Gen. Psychiatry 1019-1024 (1989).
Keating, M., et al., "Linkage of a Cardiac Arrhythmia, the Long QT Syndrome, and the Harvey ras-1 Gene", 252 Science 704-706 (1991).
Kebabian, J.W. and D.B. Caine, "Multiple Receptors for Dopamine", 277 Nature 93-96 (1979).
Kohli, J.D., et al., "Dopamine Receptors in the Stellate Ganglion of the Dog", 164 European Journal of Pharmacology 265-272 (1989).
Krug, M.S. and S.L. Berger, "First-Strand cDNA Synthesis Primed with Oligo (dT)", 152 Methods in Enzymology 316-325 (1987).
Mack, K.J., "The Mouse Dopamine D2.sub.A Receptor Gene: Sequence Homology With the Rat and Human Genes and Expression of Alternative Transcripts", 57 J. Neurochem. 795-801 (1991).
McCoy, C.E., et al., "Selective Antagonism of the Hypotensive Effects of Dopamine Agonists in spontaneously Hypertensive Rats", 8 Hypertension 298-302 (1986).
Monsma, Jr., F.J., et al., "Molecular Cloning and Expression of a D.sub.1 Dopamine Receptor Linked to Adenylyl Cyclase Activation", 87 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 6723-6727 (1990).
Niznik, H.B., "Dopamine Receptors: Molecular Structure and Function", 54 Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 1-22 (1987).
O'Malley, K.L., et al., "The Rat Dopamine D.sub.4 Receptor: Sequence, Gene Structure, and Demonstration of Expression in the Cardiovascular System", 4 The New Biologist 137-146 (Feb. 1992).
O'Malley, K.L., et al., "Organization and Expression of the Rat D2.sub.A Receptor Gene: Identification of Alternative Transcripts and a Variant Donor Splice Site", 29 Biochemistry 1367-1371 (1990).
Pfefferbaum, A., et al., "Computed Tomographic Evidence for Generalized Sulcal and Ventricular Enlargement in Schizophrenia", 45 Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 633-640 (1988).
Seeman, P., et al., "Conversion of Dopamine D.sub.1 Receptors From High to Low Affinity for Dopamine", 34 Biochem. Pharmac. 151-154 (1985). Sikich, L., et al., "5-HT.sub.1A Receptors Control Neurite Branching During Development", 56 Developmental Brain Research 269-274 (1990).
Sikich, L., et al., "5-HT.sub.1A Receptors Control Neurite Branching During Development," Developmental Brain Research 56:269-274 (1990).
Sokoloff, P., et al., "Molecular Cloning and characterization of a Novel Dopamine Receptor (D.sub.2) As a Target for Neuroleptics", 347 Nature 146-151 (1990).
Springer, J.E., et al., "Non-radioactive Detection of Nerve Growth Factor Receptor (NGFR) mRNA in Rat Brain Using In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry", 39 The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 231-234 (1991).
Sunahara, R.K., et al., "Cloning of the Gene For a Human Dopamine D.sub.5 Receptor With Higher Affinity For Dopamine Than D.sub.1 ", 350 Nature 614-619 (1991).
Sunahara, R.K., et al., "Human Dopamine D.sub.1 Receptor Encoded by An Intronless Gene on Chromosome 5", 347 Nature 80-83 (1990).
Tang, L., et al., "Pharmacological and Functional Characterization of D.sub.2, D.sub.2 and D.sub.4 Dopamine Receptors in Fibroblast and Dopaminergic Cell Lines.sup.1, " The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 268(1):495-501 (1994).
Todd, R.D., "Neural Development is Regulated by Classical Neurotransmitters: Dopamine D.sub.2 Receptor Stimulation Enhances Neurite Outgrowth", 31 Biol. Psychiatry 794-807 (1992).
Todd, R.D., et al., "Cloning of Ligand-Specific Cell Lines Via Gene Transfer: Identification of a D.sub.2 Dopamine Receptor Subtype", 86 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10134-10138 (1989).
Van Tol, H.H.M., et al., "Multiple Dopamine D.sub.4 Receptor Variants in the Humann Population", 358 Nature 149-152 (1992).
Wigler, M., et al., "Transformation of Mammalian Cells with Genes From Procaryotes and Eucaryotes", 16 Cell 777-785 (1979).
Zhao, R., et al., "Effects of Dopamine D, and Dopamine D, Receptor Agonists on Coronary and Peripheral Hemodynami
O'Malley Karen L.
Todd Richard D.
Davis Minh-Tam
Hutzell Paula K.
Washington University
LandOfFree
Gene encoding the rat dopamine D.sub.4 receptor does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Gene encoding the rat dopamine D.sub.4 receptor, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Gene encoding the rat dopamine D.sub.4 receptor will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1071379