Compositions – Absorptive – or bindive – and chemically yieldive
Patent
1994-03-21
1997-10-21
Lovering, Richard D.
Compositions
Absorptive, or bindive, and chemically yieldive
2523151, 423DIG14, 502 7, 502402, 521 31, 521 32, 5253315, 530417, B01J 2026, B01J 3730, C01B 3116, C08F 1406
Patent
active
056792816
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/US93/06924 filed Jul. 23, 1993.
FIELD OF INVENTION
The invention is in the field of organic synthetic polymers and relates specifically to gelled materials and beads prepared therefrom as well as to a method and a process for their preparation. These gelled materials and beads are characterized, inter alia, by high stability in contact with water solutions of inorganic salts, amino acids, peptides and proteins, and may be used in ion-exchange processes.
LIST OF REFERENCES
and Y. Marcus, Marcel Dekken, New York, Vol. 8, Chap. 3, p. 230. Czechoslov. Chem. Commun." (1977), 44, 2487. (1973), 18, 1643. 35, (1990) 853-860.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
Resins containing extractants have been used in analytical, hydrometallurgical and water processes. These impregnated resins have: been prepared by two different general approaches (1): solvent-impregnated resin. cross-linking agent in the presence of an extractant which yields a gel.
A variety of different types of gels that contain specific extractants are known and these can be classified as follows (1): solvent. In cases where the solvent dissolves the monomer and solvates the polymer, telogenated polymers are produced, whereas when the polymer precipitates out, macroporous structures are obtained. agents are long-chain spacers instead of the conventional divinyl-benzene. These polymers have the ability to swell and Small (2) suggested that this properly be utilized to incorporate extractant into the gel polymer.
Gelled materials are very attractive materials for use in exchange processes in general and ion-exchange processes in particular. The efficacy of such gels is due to the fact that with such materials the exchange process takes place nearly in the entire volume of the gel, while in conventional exchangers the exchange process takes place only on a surface of the polymeric support due to slow diffusion of ions through the bulk.
However, all the above known gel-type materials have a relatively low chemical and physical stability and thus suffer from high extractant losses. Also, the technologies for their preparation are complicated and expensive. In addition, preparation of stable and homogeneous beads from known gelled materials is difficult and relatively expensive.
There is thus a need for a new approach leading to cheap, improved gelled materials with high chemical and physical stability, high exchange capabilities and which are suitable for preparation of beads.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is thus the object of the present invention to provide gelled materials comprising a chemically modified organic synthetic polymer and an extractant which overcome most of the above drawbacks of known gelled materials, and methods for their preparation.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide stable and homogeneous beads for use in ion-exchange operations comprising a chemically modified organic polymer and specific extractant, and a process for the preparation thereof.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide stable homogeneous beads for the adsorption and separation of biological compounds such as amino acids, peptides and proteins.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the following specification and claims, polymers having a halogen atom in their backbone such as, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), will be referred to as "halopolymers".
The invention is based on the finding that a simple specific chemical modification of halopolymers, increases the compatibility between the polymer and some specific extractant and is capable of forming together therewith stable gelled materials. It was found that only when the group used to modify the halopolymer is identical with or chemically closely related to the specific extractant, the halopolymer and the extractant become compatible and form a stable gelled material. The gelled materials so obtained were found useful for preparing beads for ion-exchange processes and adsorption and separation of amino acids, peptides and proteins.
The term "s
REFERENCES:
patent: 3247133 (1966-04-01), Chen
patent: 3502545 (1970-03-01), Westman et al.
patent: 3884846 (1975-05-01), Otsuki et al.
patent: 3991018 (1976-11-01), Strop et al.
patent: 4220726 (1980-09-01), Warshawsky
patent: 4806393 (1989-02-01), Levin
A. Warshawsky, "Extraction with Solvent-Impregnated Resins", vol. 8, Chapter 3 of Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction, pp. 230-241. (1981).
H. Small, "Gel Liquid Extraction-The Extraction and Separation of Some Metal Salts Using Tri-n-Butyl Phosphate Gels", J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1961, vol. 18, pp.232-244.
D. Oktavec et al., "Electronic Spectra of Salts of Dithiocarbamic Acids", Collection Czechoslov. Chem. Commun., vol. 44, 1979, pp. 2487-2493.
Bromberg Lev
Levin Gideon
Lovering Richard D.
The Weizmann Institute of Science
Yeda Research and Development Co. Ltd.
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