Gel creams in the form of O/W emulsions containing one or...

Details Gel creams in the form of O/W emulsions containing one or... Gel creams in the form of O/W emulsions containing one or...

2001-12-19

2003-09-16

Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Preparations characterized by special physical form

Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice

C424S400000, C514S772500

Reexamination Certificate

active

06620420

ABSTRACT:

The present invention relates to cosmetic and dermatological preparations, in particular those of the oil-in-water type, to processes for their preparation, and to their use for cosmetic and medicinal purposes.
The human skin is man's largest organ and performs a number of vital functions. Having an average area of about 2 m
2
in adults, it has a prominent role as a protective and sensory organ. The purpose of this organ is to transmit and avert mechanical, thermal, actinic, chemical and biological stimuli. In addition, it has an important role as a regulatory and target organ in human metabolism.
The main aim of skin care in the cosmetics sense is to strengthen or restore the skin's natural function as a barrier against environmental influences (e.g. dirt, chemicals, microorganisms) and against the loss of endogenous substances (e.g. water, natural fats, electrolytes), and also to assist its horny layer in its natural regeneration ability in cases of existing damage.
If the barrier properties of the skin are impaired, increased resorption of toxic or allergenic substances or attack by microorganisms may result, leading to toxic or allergic skin reactions.
Another aim of skin care is to compensate for the loss by the skin of sebum and water caused by daily washing. This is particularly important if the natural regeneration ability is inadequate. Furthermore, skin care products should protect against environmental influences, in particular against sun and wind, and delay skin aging.
Medicinal topical compositions usually comprise one or more medicaments in an effective concentration. For the sake of simplicity, in order to clearly distinguish between cosmetic and medicinal use and corresponding products, reference is made to the legal provisions in the Federal Republic of Germany (e.g. Cosmetics Directive, Foods and Drugs Act).
Emulsions are generally understood as meaning heterogeneous systems which consist of two liquids, which are usually referred to as phases, which are immiscible or miscible with one another only to a limited extent. In an emulsion, one of the two liquids is dispersed in the form of very fine droplets in the other liquid.
If the two liquids are water and oil and oil droplets are very finely dispersed in water, this is an oil-in-water emulsion (O/W emulsion, e.g. milk). The basic character of an O/W emulsion is determined by the water. In the case of a water-in-oil emulsion (W/O emulsion, e.g. butter), the principle is reversed, the basic character being determined here by the oil.
Gel creams are particularly light-weight products with a low emulsifier and lipid content. They are characterized by the fact that they can be distributed readily on the skin and impart a feeling of freshness. Following product application, no or only very little residue should remain on the skin. Gel creams generally comprise a relatively high proportion of hydrophilic thickeners (e.g. carbopols, xanthan gum, hydroxyethylcellulose. Since the thickener or the thickener system is in the external phase, it has a significant influence on the sensory properties of the product. Common thickener systems either cannot be readily distributed, do not give a feeling of freshness or leave behind too sticky a residue on the skin.
The aim was to remedy these shortcomings.
Surprisingly, these objects are achieved by cosmetic or dermatological gel creams of the oil-in-water type, comprising
(i) up to 90% by weight of a water phase,
(ii) up to 20% by weight of a lipid phase, based on the total weight of the preparations,
(iii) up to 5% by weight of one or more emulsifiers,
(iv) also comprising up to 5% by weight of one or more ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurates/vinylpyrrolidone copolymers.
According to the invention, the ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurates/vinylpyrrolidone copolymer(s) have the empirical formula [C
7
H
16
N
2
SO
4
]
n
[C
6
H
9
NO]
m
, corresponding to a statistical structure as follows
Preferred species for the purposes of the present invention are filed in Chemical Abstracts under the registry numbers 58374-69-9, 13162-05-5 and 88-12-0 and are obtainable under the trade name Aristoflex® AVC from Clariant GmbH.
It had therefore not been foreseen by the person skilled in the art that the preparations according to the invention
would have better effectiveness as moisture-donating preparations,
would be easier to formulate,
would better promote skin smoothing,
would be characterized by better care action,
would better serve as vehicles for cosmetic and medicinal-dermatological active ingredients
would have better sensory properties, such as, for example, the ability to be distributed on the skin or the ability to be absorbed into the skin,
would have higher stability against decomposition in oil and water phases and
would be characterized by better biocompatibility than the preparations of the prior art.
The preparations according to the invention thus represent an enrichment of the prior art.
The lipid content of the preparations obtainable according to the invention can advantageously be varied from 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, preferably from 5 to 10% by weight, where the results achieved are equally favorable. In the case of freedom from lipid, no emulsion is present, but rather a system which should most appropriately be referred to as an emulsifier gel.
Preparations according to the invention preferably comprise up to 7.5% by weight of a lipid phase, in which case they are O/W emulsions. Preparations according to the invention particularly advantageously comprise up to 6% by weight of a lipid phase. Preparations according to the invention particularly preferably comprise 2 to 4% by weight of a lipid phase, in particular approximately 3% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the preparations.
The lipid phase of the cosmetic or dermatological emulsions according to the invention can advantageously be chosen from the following group of substances:
mineral oils, mineral waxes
oils, such as triglycerides of capric or of caprylic acid, and also natural oils such as, for example, castor oil;
fats, waxes and other natural and synthetic fatty substances, preferably esters of fatty acids with alcohols of low carbon number, e.g. with isopropanol, propylene glycol or glycerol, or esters of fatty alcohols with alkanoic acids of low carbon number or with fatty acids;
alkyl benzoates;
silicone oils, such as dimethylpolysiloxanes, diethylpolysiloxanes, diphenylpolysiloxanes and mixed forms thereof.
The oil phase of the emulsions of the present invention is advantageously chosen from the group of esters of saturated and/or unsaturated, branched and/or unbranched alkanecarboxylic acids having a chain length of from 3 to 30 carbon atoms and saturated and/or unsaturated, branched and/or unbranched alcohols having a chain length of from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, from the group of esters of aromatic carboxylic acids and saturated and/or unsaturated, branched and/or unbranched alcohols having a chain length of from 3 to 30 carbon atoms. Such ester oils can then advantageously be chosen from the group consisting of isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, isopropyl oleate, n-butyl stearate, n-hexyl laurate, n-decyl oleate, isooctyl stearate, isononyl stearate, isononyl isononanoate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl stearate, 2-octyldodecyl palmitate, oleyl oleate, oleyl erucate, erucyl oleate, erucyl erucate, and synthetic, semisynthetic and natural mixtures of such esters, e.g. jojoba oil.
In addition, the oil phase can advantageously be chosen from the group of branched and unbranched hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon waxes, of silicone oils, of dialkyl ethers, the group of saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alcohols, and the fatty acid triglycerides, namely the triglycerol esters of saturated and/or unsaturated, branched and/or unbranched alkanecarboxylic acids having a chain length of from 8 to 24, in particular 12-18 carbon atoms. The fatty acid triglycerides can, for example, advantageously be

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