Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Working fluid passage or distributing means associated with... – With runner having conical hub including small diameter...
Patent
1992-12-09
1994-12-13
Look, Edward K.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Working fluid passage or distributing means associated with...
With runner having conical hub including small diameter...
415206, 416188, 416223B, F04D 2928
Patent
active
053724771
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to improvements relating to a gaseous fluid aspirator or pump particularly but not exclusively to an aspirator for an optical air pollution apparatus particularly a very early warning smoke detector apparatus adapted to summon human intervention before smoke levels become dangerous to life or delicate equipment. It can cause early or orderly shut down of power supplies and it can operate automatic fire suppression systems.
The present invention will be described with reference to an aspirator for use with very early warning smoke detection apparatus. Smoke detection apparatus of the type described in applicants U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,556 directed to a heat-sensitive/gas-sampling device in a smoke detector system including sampling pipes and an apertured housing in association with a smoke detection device of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,665,311 which has a sampling chamber as illustrated in FIG. 1 of the drawings therein. With reference to FIG. 7 of the U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,556 there is shown schematically a reticulation fluid/smoke mixture transport system of sampling pipes leading to various sampling areas to continuously sample air from those various areas. The transport system leads back to a sampling chamber of the type for example that is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,665,311. However, it will be equally applicable to other apparatus requiring efficient long-lived operation of an aspirator at low power consumptions.
The smoke detector utilizes an airtight chamber through which a representative sample of air within the zone to be monitored, is drawn continuously by an aspirator. The air sample is stimulated by an intense, wide band light pulse. A minuscule proportion of the incident light is scattered off airborne particles towards a very sensitive receiver, producing a signal which is processed to represent the level of pollution in this instance of smoke. The instrument is extremely sensitive, so much so that light scattered off air molecules alone may be detected. Therefore, minor pollution is readily detectable as an increased signal. Therefore, the detector which is utilizable in commercial situations, is extremely sensitive and yet has a low incidence of false alarms.
It is extremely important that the means for obtaining a continuous sample of the air to be monitored is reliable, efficient, consumes only a small amount of power and has a long life. It is also important that the aspirator develops a relatively high pressure and pressure and draws a relatively large volume of air given its low power rating in order that there is little or no delay in the detection of smoke or like pollution in a dangerous situation.
Existing aspirator systems as currently used, utilize an axial flow fan providing relatively low cost and long life coupled with ready availability. However, known equipment has a very low efficiency of less than 2% at flow rates of 40 liters per minute. Such low efficiency is considered unsatisfactory particularly if increased flow rates with reduced power input is to be attainable.
Thus it is an objective of the present invention to provide a gaseous fluid aspirator/pump having relatively high pressure output with increased efficiency and decreased power requirements.
A more specific objective is to provide an efficient aspirator of the order of 20% efficiency, having a capacity of the order of 60 liters per minute at a pressure of the order of 300 Pascals with an input of about 2 watts and having a long reliable life.
There is provided according to the present invention a gaseous fluid aspirator/pump apparatus including an impeller with a plurality of blades, the impeller comprising a pair of shrouds being mounted in a housing having a gaseous fluid inlet and outlet said pair of shrouds providing an inlet throat, said inlet throat having an inlet and an outlet in which gaseous fluid moving from the throat inlet to the throat outlet is turned from axial flow to radial flow into the impeller blades, said impeller being configured in matching curvate
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Lee Michael S.
Look Edward K.
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