Stoves and furnaces – Liquid heater – Fluid fuel burner for other than top-accessible vessel
Patent
1984-01-17
1987-05-19
Scott, Samuel
Stoves and furnaces
Liquid heater
Fluid fuel burner for other than top-accessible vessel
122250R, 122247, 122182R, 122283, F24H 100
Patent
active
046658947
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gas-heated or kerosene-heated boiler for warm water, hot water or for steam generation capable of meeting--when designed and constructed in different sizes--heat demand in all fields of application, i.e. heat demand of households and also such of public and indutrial use.
More particularly, the invention relates to a boiler having a substantially horizontal cylindrical combustion chamber defined and surrounded by a flue tube consisting of a plurality of annular ring tubes that are arranged in succession for conveying any suitable heat carrier, preferably water, said annular ring tubes being held together by means of annular distance strips. Each of the ring tubes is connected both to a distribution chamber that is situated beneath the combustion chamber, and to a collecting chamber which is arranged above the horizontal combustion chamber. At the front end of the combustion chamber a known firing device, i.e. a gas-burner or a kerosene-burner may be arranged, said burner having a flame the axis of which is substantially aligned with the axis of the cylindrical combustion chamber.
BACKGROUND ART
For the purpose as mentioned above, two basic types of boiler structures have been widely used. The first of said basic types is often referred to as horizontal drum boiler system. The capacity range of such horizontal drum boilers is substantially limited by the mechanical stength characteristics. For high capacity boilers are hence boilers of the second basic type, referred to as "stud-tube wall boiler" more frequently in use.
Known horizontal drum boilers have drawbacks which in most cases outweigh the advantages. Their main mechanical and calorific disadvantages may be listed as follows:
The water space is surrounded by a double shell of substantially large dimensions, said double shell consisting of cylindrical shell rings, of dished end plates and of substantially planar discs as wall partitions.
Increasing internal overpressure and increased power capacity may only be met and maintained by using substantially thick walls. It is well known that the wall thickness needed increases linearly with internal pressure and diameter in case of cylindrical shell rings, while there is a more progressive increase in case of planar wall partitions, whereby the possibilities of the increase of power capacity are limited.
Increased wall thickness means a smaller heat transfer coefficient. Hence, the surface temperature of the heated wall surfaces will be substantially higher.
Decrease in heat transfer characteristics and increased surface temperature result in loss of life.
There is an unequal and unstable thermal load distribution on the combustion chamber surface along the axis of the jet of flame, whereby certain surface areas are overheated while others remain below optimal thermal load.
Due to the above mentioned high wall thickness, specific structure material consumption rated to boiler capacity is relatively high and thus, the utilization of material is far below optimum values that involves high investment costs and also drawbacks of technological character.
Circulation of the heat carrier is not harmonised with thermal load. There is a stratified flow of flue gas leaving the combustion chamber and entering the convective heater. Hence, the temperature of the flue gas is in certain areas of the equipment higher than permissible while in other areas said temperature lies below the allowable values which results in higher calorific losses and in increased corrosion respectively.
Drawbacks in mechanical strength emerge from the structure itself. The firing fundamentals such as the unequal thermal load of the combustion chamber are partly a consequence of the furnace installation characteristics. However, they are also dependent from the type of burner applied. Similar relations exist concerning heat dissipation too.
Improved measuring techniques developed in the past few years only, have revealed access to a more accurate determination of the energ
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Kozponti Valto-es Hitelbank Rt. Innovacios Alap
Odar H. A.
Scott Samuel
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