Combustion – Process of combustion or burner operation – Controlling or proportioning feed
Patent
1993-05-19
1994-08-16
Favors, Edward G.
Combustion
Process of combustion or burner operation
Controlling or proportioning feed
122 17, 122114, 431 7, 431 76, 431328, F23H 500
Patent
active
053381840
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a gas burner, to a gas burner system in which such a gas burner is used and to a method for controlling the combustion of a mixture for burning consisting of fuel gas and air.
By means of the present invention it is possible, depending on the prevailing conditions, that the ratio of fuel gas and air in the mixture is controlled such that the quality of the combustion is optimal, i.e. a qualitative control on a low CO emission with a relatively low excess of air (about 5 to 10%). An improved output is thereby realized with the formation of a relatively large amount of condensed water. The discharge of NO.sub.x is moreover reduced. Another important aspect of the invention is that the invention can be applied with any type of fuel gas without adaptations of the gas burner or the system, and results in an optimal, almost complete combustion.
EP-A-154,361 describes a gas burner system in which combustion control means, in the form of a redox sensor, are used for controlling the combustion in a combustion chamber provided with a ceramic burner plate. A drawback to this system is that the sensor can be exposed over a longer period of time to reducing gases such as CO and CH.sub.4, by which the sensor becomes poisoned. This system moreover has a configuration such that the heat transfer substantially takes place through convection. The temperature and the oxygen concentration in the vicinity of the sensor can thereby fluctuate and thereby adversely affect the sensitivity and accuracy of the sensor.
The present invention has for its object to provide a gas burner and a gas burner system wherein in addition to the above-mentioned advantages the heat transfer takes place to considerable extent, i.e for more than 50%, preferably more than 55% and more preferably 60% and more by means of radiation.
In accordance with the invention this is achieved with a gas burner system according to the invention having at least one gas burner according to the invention, comprising: separated therefrom by a ceramic burner plate; an inlet and an outlet for liquid for heating, which jacket is provided with standing fire tubes connecting onto the combustion chamber; combustion chamber and connected to a control system.
The combustion control means preferably comprise a redox sensor, such as a Figaro Combustion Monitor Sensor, CMS 301 or 302 from Figaro Engineering Inc. This sensor comprises a sintered, metal oxide-comprising semiconductor material that substantially consists of tin dioxide.
This redox sensor preferably comprises at least one spiral filament and means with which the spiral filament can be adjusted to two different glow temperatures. It is thus possible to control the operation of the gas burner at a temperature such that explosions are avoided in the case of the presence of a combustible mixture and, after determining good operation at a higher glow temperature and allowing a combustible mixture to be supplied, the combustion is started.
Since the heat transfer takes place to a considerable extent by means of radiation, the surface heated by radiation can be enlarged if more preferably the standing fire tubes are curved sideways in the jacket.
The system and the gas burner can be protected against irregular combustion or cessation of the combustion by connection of a mg sensor to the combustion chamber.
The output of the system and the gas burner can be further increased by utilizing the temperature of the combustion gas leaving the fire tubes for further generation of heat. It is therefore recommended that an indirect heat exchanger through which fire tubes pass is connected to the water casing.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a control method for combustion of a mixture of fuel gas and air for burning, wherein use is made of a redox sensor. The operation of the gas burner can herein be controlled when this method comprises: temperature T.sub.0 of the mixture; redox sensor signal S.
During operation the quality of the combustion is preferably controlled by changing the amount
REFERENCES:
patent: 1907736 (1933-05-01), Cheetham et al.
patent: 2210830 (1940-08-01), Bernhard
patent: 4271789 (1981-06-01), Black
patent: 5158448 (1992-10-01), Kawasaki et al.
patent: 5201807 (1993-04-01), Liljenberg et al.
Favors Edward G.
P. B. Dalhuisen Gasresearch Apeldoorn B.V.
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