Combustion – Porous – capillary – particulate or sievelike flame holder,... – Means supplying fuel for passage through the flame holding...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-08-01
2002-08-20
Bennett, Henry (Department: 3743)
Combustion
Porous, capillary, particulate or sievelike flame holder,...
Means supplying fuel for passage through the flame holding...
C126S0920AC, C126S09100A
Reexamination Certificate
active
06435861
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to gas burners and more particularly to a novel apparatus and method of making a porous burner element for a flammable gas burner assembly.
2. Background of the Invention
Gas burner assemblies have been used in the prior art for a wide variety of applications. Gas burners have been used for heating boilers, furnaces, as well as directly heating products in dryers and the like. The various applications of gas burners are too large to enumerate.
Typically, a gas burner assembly comprises a burner body connected to a source of pressurized gas. The burner body includes a porous burner element for enabling the gas under pressure to be released and distributed over a surface area of the gas burner assembly. Upon ignition, the gas emanating from the pores of the porous burner element mixes with ambient oxygen to provide the desired flames.
In many cases, the porous burner element comprised a solid metallic member having a plurality of pores defined therein for permitting the distribution of gas under pressure. Other arrangements, metallic fibers were arranged to provide the porous burner element for enabling release of the flammable gas.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,194,208 to Moran discloses a fuel burner comprising a porous refractory diaphragm having a front operating face, a casing structure for enclosing the rear face at least of said diaphragm, said casing structure and said diaphragm having a portion of their opposed faces substantially in contact with each other, conduit means in communication with the interior of said casing structure for supplying a combustible mixture of fluid fuel thereto, a plurality of interconnected passageways communicating with said conduit means and located substantially parallel to the enclosed face of said diaphragm, the sides of said passageways being defined in part at least by said diaphragm so that a relatively large area of the porous diaphragm is directly exposed to the gaseous fuel in the passageways and the fuel filters through the pores of the diaphragm and is thus substantially uniformly distributed over the entire area of the operating face of the diaphragm and produces a substantially uniform heating effect thereat when the burner is operated.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,173,470 to Wright discloses a higher temperature burner apparatus the combination comprising a casing defining an enclosed chamber, said casing having in opening in a wall thereof, a burner element closing said wall, said element being of substantially uniform thickness and comprising a gas-permeable block of randomly-oriented sintered machined metal fibers, said casing having an inlet through which a mixture of air and combustible gases may pass to said chamber and through said burner element for combustion on the exterior surface of said burner element, a nozzle at the inlet of said casing through which gas is introduced to said inlet and caused to aspirate air from the vicinity of said nozzle into said inlet, a housing surrounding said casing and having an opening in a wall thereof into which said casing is positioned and extends, the exterior surface of said burner element being exposed to the exterior of said housing, said housing having an inlet through which air may be supplied to the casing and to the interior of the housing, said housing having an outlet, and means within said housing for directing gases from adjacent the burner element to said outlet to draw air from the exterior of said housing into said casing and across the exterior surface of said casing to cool said casing and to said outlet of said housing, and to cause a portion of said air to mix with the combustion gases and pass to the interior of said casing.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,285,665 to Enga discloses an invention that relates to Stirling engines and to improve methods of operation whereby catalytic oxidation of a major proportion of the fuel takes place in the external combustor. An external combustion unit of a Stirling engine comprises a catalytic combustor having a thermally stable and oxidation resistant monolith made from and/or carrying a catalytic material and including a multiciplity of flow paths for catalytic combustion of combustible gases and injected fuel. The use of a catalytic combuster in accordance with this invention enables a Stirling or other engine fitted therewith to be used in areas such as mines and underwater installations where conventional flame combustion is impracticable or is controlled by stringent regulations.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,354,823 to Buehl et al. discloses a single-wall sheet metal box functioning as a gas plenum having an open face closed by by porous matrix of refractory fibers bonded together to form a rigid, boardlike heating element. A combustible gas mixture is into the box, forced through the porous heating element, and burned at the outer face thereof to provide a continuous infrared radiant surface. The outer surface of the sheet metal box is completely covered by a blanket of flexible insulation material having an edge portion stuffed between the periphery of the heating element and an adjacent flangelike edge of the box. A first type of snapon clip maintains the heating element in position, while a second type of snap-on clip retains the stuffed edge of the insulation blanket between the heating element periphery and the adjacent edge of the box.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,904 to Smith discloses an improved gas-fired radiant heater having porous refractory panel mounted by its edges on a support to define a gaseous combustion mixture plenum from which the mixture flows through the panel to burn at its outer face, and a conduit for non-combustible gas extends along the margin of the panel and discharges the noncombustible gas through the panel all along its margin to keep the combustion mixture from escaping through the panel edges where burning can damage the panel. No further sealing of the panel margin is needed, but the sealing is effected with less of the non-combustible gas if the panel edges are compressed so as to reduce their thickness about 10%. One or more of the margins of a rectangular panel can be arranged as a depending flange with its mounting at least partially recessed so that two or more panels can be juxtaposed at such margins to form an effectively continuous radiating surface of relatively large size. The air seal construction also makes such heaters very practical for firing house heating furnaces.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,416,618 to Smith discloses gas-fired infrared generators with porous ceramic fiber panels through the thickness of which combustion mixture flows and on the emerging surface of which it burns, have constructions that enable a group to be mounted close together, and have various arrangements to reduce the temperature of the burner mouth in which the panels are mounted. Self-contained electric ignition and auxiliary radiation from added panels heated by the hot combustion gases is-also shown.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,435,154 to Vigneau discloses a heat transfer device which combines controllable, infrared electromagnetic energy transfer with controllable, convective energy transfer and as desired, mass transfer of water or solvent vapors and which includes the use of a porous refractory board matrix which is secured to a single-chamber gas/air mixture plenum by means of compression fitted pins and through which the gas/air mixture passes and is combusted at and/or within the outer surface, said combustion producing both radiant heat source and hot gas heat source, and the use of incrementally attached air knife subassemblies which supply noncombustible gas flow outwardly in a controllable manner which both constricts the combustion to the surface of the matrix and reduces the temperature of the gaseous products of combustion and, as desired, permits the resultant mixed gas flow to be impinged upon target(s) to be heated or to be exhausted.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,492,564 to Wolf discloses a radiant gas burner construction which utilizes a gas combustion mixture plenum closed on one side by a por
Li Tao
Malanga Robert
Quick Nathaniel R.
Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear LLP
USF Filtration and Separations Group Inc.
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