Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Subsidiary
Patent
1983-12-27
1985-12-10
Makay, Albert J.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Subsidiary
122 14, 122 19, 122155R, 122161, 122177, 237 19, F22B 3300
Patent
active
045572208
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a gas water heater with a gas burner and at least one heat exchanger which is arranged in the gas burner's waste gas duct and through which heating water flows.
In such instruments one customarily uses a laminated heat exchanger which is arranged laterally with respect to the waste gas current, whereby the sheets or laminae lie parallel to the direction of flow of the waste gas current.
It has been found that heat exchange in such gas water heaters is in need of improvement.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the invention therefore is to improve heat exchange in a mechanism of the kind mentioned initially and thus to raise the efficiency.
To solve this problem, the gas water heater according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the waste gas duct forms two chambers which are located next to each other, through which waste gas flows in opposite directions, and whose partition or laminae subdivides the heat exchanger into two segments associated with the chambers and defines a waste gas diversion opening outside the heat exchanger area.
In this way one and the same heat exchanger is being flowed through in two stages according to the cross-current principle and that increases the heat exchange conditions and thus also the efficiency. Here, the design layout is very simple and extremely compact.
The heat exchanger's segment located away from the gas burner preferably forms the heat exchanger's heating water intake. This arrangement thus represents an approach to the counter-current or cross-current principle and works with correspondingly effective heat exchange.
It has been found that particularly good conditions can be achieved by making sure that the chamber, located closest to the gas burner, will contain 2/3 of the heat exchanger's surface.
The chambers are advantageously arranged horizontally and next to each other, above the gas burner. The natural buoyancy of the combustion gases helps make the flow-around conditions of the heat exchanger extremely favorable.
In order further to improve the energy supply into the heat exchanger, the gas water heater according to the invention is furthermore characterized by the fact that the chamber, which is associated with the super-stoichiometrically premixing gas burner, is designed as a combustion chamber which is closed off against outside-air entry, and that the gas burner reveals a burner plate which is arranged at an interval of less than 50 mm, preferably less than 30 mm, with respect to the heat exchanger; this plate is provided with between 4 and 12, preferably 9 or 10 mixture passage openings per square centimeter and which has a cooling coil on one side. On the burner plate there is formed a carpet of flames with high heat current density which is located very close to the heat exchanger and which guarantees optimum heat transfer conditions. The energy utilization degree is high and, specifically, also in the partial-load range. An additional advantage is represented by the fact that the waste gases are poor in noxious substances and have a high dew point.
Particularly good conditions result from the fact that the mixture passage openings of the burner plate have a thickness of 1-2.5 mm, preferably 1.8 mm, which is widened by 50% toward the flame side.
The cooling coil of the burner plate is preferably connected to the heating water outlet of the heat exchanger in order thus to be able to utilize the heat withdrawn from the burner plate.
According to another feature of the invention, the gas water heater is characterized by the fact that the burner plate consists of a well heat-conducting material, especially copper or an aluminum alloy. The thickness of the burner plate depends on the layout or placement of the cooling coil. The material's high heat conductivity enables us to make sure that heat can be evacuated favorably from the burner plate and can be transferred to the cooling coil. Alternatively, there is a possibility according to the invention to have the burner plate m
REFERENCES:
patent: 1107534 (1914-08-01), Lovekin
patent: 2041683 (1936-05-01), Ames
patent: 2348901 (1944-05-01), Handley
patent: 4163430 (1979-08-01), Neumann
patent: 4338888 (1982-07-01), Gerstmann et al.
patent: 4429830 (1984-02-01), Forster et al.
patent: 4444156 (1984-04-01), Iwasaki et al.
Brunje Horst
Jannemann Theo
Makay Albert J.
Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft
Warner Steven E.
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