Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Combining of separately supplied fluids – Liquid flow induces atmospheric air
Patent
1999-08-04
2000-12-26
Kashnikow, Andres
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Combining of separately supplied fluids
Liquid flow induces atmospheric air
2394345, 417196, 417151, E03C 108
Patent
active
061645672
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention pertains to the field of jet technology, primarily to liquid-gas jet apparatuses for producing a vacuum.
BACKGROUND ART
Liquid-gas jet apparatuses are known, which contain an active nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixing chamber, a diffuser and manifolds for active and passive mediums' feed (see "Vacuum apparatuses and devices", book of K. P. Shumski, M., Mashgiz, 1963, pages 476-477).
However such jet apparatuses have a comparatively low efficiency factor which narrows their application range.
The closest analogy to the described one is a liquid-gas jet apparatus, which comprises an active nozzle and a mixing chamber with a diffuser. An optimum ratio of sizes of the mixing chamber and the active nozzle is determined as a function of the ratio between the differential pressures of a mediums' mixture and an active liquid medium (see "Jet apparatuses", book of E. Y. Sokolov, M., Energy, 1970, page 209).
Conducted research efforts show that these apparatuses do not provide the required capacity and, in certain cases, the required depth of vacuum. The said limitations are connected with big energy losses during the mediums' mixing process.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The problem to be solved in this invention is an increase of efficiency factor of a liquid-gas jet apparatus due to optimisation of the process of gaseous and liquid mediums' mixing in the flow-through channel of the jet apparatus.
The above mentioned problem is solved as follows: a liquid-gas jet apparatus comprising an active nozzle and a mixing chamber has the ratio of the surface area of the minimal cross-section of the mixing chamber to the surface area of the minimal cross-section of the active liquid nozzle as more than 800 but less than 1600.
The effected research has shown, that arrangement of the mixing process of an active (ejecting) liquid medium and a passive (evacuated) gaseous medium significantly impacts the efficiency factor of the liquid-gas jet apparatus, because the biggest energy losses, in the first place, hit losses, take place at the moment of the first contact of the highly dynamic liquid medium with the unformed evacuated gaseous medium. Therefore the major attention is given to the correlation of sizes of the minimal cross-section--an outlet cross-section as a rule--of the active nozzle and the minimal cross-section of the mixing chamber. The liquid-gas jet apparatus for producing a vacuum with the stated above correlation of sizes of the mixing chamber and the active nozzle allows one to create such conditions, when highly dispersed liquid flow, on the one hand, provides effective evacuation of gaseous and vapor mediums and, on the other hand, blocks the throat of the mixing chamber preventing reverse flows from the outlet of the jet apparatus. At the same time, the situation is prevented, when the liquid flow, having insufficient energy level near the walls of the mixing chamber, forms eddy regions at the entrance zone of the chamber. Appearance of said eddy regions creates additional hydraulic resistance and results in additional energy consumption.
In this manner it becomes possible to decrease energy losses at the entrance zone of the mixing chamber without abatement of the jet apparatus' operational stability and, as a result, to increase the efficiency factor of the jet apparatus.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The described liquid-gas jet apparatus is presented in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The liquid-gas jet apparatus comprises an active liquid nozzle 1, a mixing chamber 2 and a diffuser 3. The ratio of the surface area of the minimal cross-section d.sub.kc of the mixing chamber 2 to the surface area of the minimal cross-section d.sub.x of the active liquid nozzle 1 is more than 800 but less than 1600. In case the jet apparatus has a multi-channel active liquid nozzle 1, "the surface area of the minimal cross-section of the active nozzle" means the total surface area of the minimal cross-section of all channels of the nozzle 1.
The jet apparatus operates as follows.
An active
REFERENCES:
patent: 2382391 (1945-08-01), Berman
patent: 3625820 (1971-12-01), Gluntz
patent: 3938738 (1976-02-01), Nagel et al.
patent: 4419074 (1983-12-01), Schuetz
patent: 4940392 (1990-07-01), Adkins
patent: 5165602 (1992-11-01), Arnout et al.
patent: 5628623 (1997-05-01), Skaggs
Shumski K. P., "Vacuum apparatuses and instruments"book, 1963, USSR, Moscow, "Mashgiz"Publishing house, pp. 476-477.
Sokolov E. Y., "Jet apparatuses"book, 1970, USSR, Moscow, "Energy"Publishing house, p. 209.
Kashnikow Andres
Nguyen Dinh Q.
Oathout Mark A.
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