Furnaces – Process – Incinerating refuse
Patent
1995-05-31
1997-10-07
Bennett, Henry A.
Furnaces
Process
Incinerating refuse
110257, 110270, 110273, 110281, 110300, 110101A, 126167, F23G 1500
Patent
active
056736363
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a process for incinerating garbage on an incineration grate. This invention also relates to an incineration grate for executing the process and to a single incinerator grating plate, a plurality of which permits the manufacture of a corresponding incineration grate.
2. Description of Prior Art
Incineration grates for incinerating garbage are known. A type of incineration grate is the pusher incineration grate which includes movable parts for making stoking movements, by which the material to be incinerated is conveyed on the grate. The forward pusher grates are to be distinguished from the reverse pusher grates. The materials to be incinerated are conveyed in a forward direction on the forward pusher grates and in a reverse direction on the reverse pusher grates. The forward and reverse pusher grates which are inclined downward in the forward direction have been known for decades and have been widely distributed in garbage incineration plants. Although the present invention generally relates to incineration pusher grates, regardless of whether they convey the materials to be incinerated in the forward or the reverse direction with respect to the loading direction, the forward pusher grate will be discussed first.
An easy way to imagine such a conventional forward pusher grate is to first imagine a simple tile roof of a house. The individual tiles of the house represent the individual grate rods of the forward pusher grate, while a horizontally extending row of tiles of the house corresponds to a horizontally extending row of grate rods which together respectively form a single grating stage. Each grating stage overlaps the next grating stage which is positioned below it. The individual grate rods are constructed of cast chromium-steel and are suspended from transverse pipes, similar to roof tiles on roof laths. The typical angle of inclination of an incineration forward pusher grate is approximately 20 degrees, but can be more or less inclined. Every second grating stage of such a forward pusher grate is fixed in place, and the grating stages disposed in between such fixed grating stages are mechanically movable. A mechanical drive device provides that each such movable second grating stage makes stoking movements. Such a stoking movement is a linear back and forth movement of the grate rods of an individual grating stage in a plane of the top of the movable grate rods. The stoking movements extend for some centimeters and in relation to the inclination of the grate rods the direction of movement extends in and opposite to the fall line on the inclined surface of the grate rods. The stoking movements cause the burning garbage on the forward pusher grate to be continuously shifted during a long retention time of 45 to 120 minutes and also cause even distribution on the grate. Garbage is fed from an upper end of the grate. The incoming garbage in this feeding area is first dried by radiation heat. This is followed by an area on the forward pusher grate where gasification is started, in which the solid parts of the garbage change into the gaseous state and release energy.
A reverse pusher grate can also be imagined as a slate roof of a house, but with a reversed inclination. Therefore, with respect to the inclination, instead of an upper tile or upper grate rod overlapping a lower grate rod, a lower grate rod with respect to the inclination overlaps an adjacent upper grate rod. Such a reverse pusher grate has an advantage in that the glowing mass of garbage is pushed back toward the front of the grate during the stoking movements. The primary incineration extends overlappingly from the front of the grate to an end of the grate. This intense garbage fire, starting directly at the front of the grate, is an essential feature of a reverse pusher grate. The intense fire is generated by bringing burning portions of the garbage together and mixed with not yet ignited portions of garbage yet to be burned, by which a zone of very high tem
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Bennett Henry A.
Doikos Investments Ltd.
Tinker Susanne C.
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