Galvanic cell having improved cathode

Details Galvanic cell having improved cathode Galvanic cell having improved cathode

1996-01-05

1996-12-24

Maples, John S.

Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and

Current producing cell, elements, subcombinations and...

Electrode

429224, H01M 456, H01M 450

Patent

active

055872581

ABSTRACT:
A sealed galvanic cell which has high power and energy densities, a low self discharge, and an open circuit voltage which is related to state of discharge, and which is useful for supplying electrical power to an implantable device, such as a defibrillator and a nerve stimulator, with a large current consumption, and method of making same. The galvanic cell includes a casing; a cathode unit having at least one electrode composed of a mixture of at least one metal oxide and at least one lead compound; an anode unit having at least one electrode comprised of an alkali metal; and an organic electrolyte comprised of a mixture of (a) ethylene- and/or propylene carbonate, (b), 2-dimethoxyethane, and (c) a conducting salt. The mixture of the cathode unit is one of (a) a mixture of CrO.sub.x (x=2.5 to 2.7) and at least one lead compound from among PbCrO.sub.4, PbMoO.sub.4 and PbO, (b) a mixture of CrO.sub.x (x=2.5 to 2.7), MnO.sub.2, and at least one lead compound from among PbCrO.sub.4, PbMoO.sub.4 and PbO, or (c) a mixture of MnO.sub.2 and PbO. The at least one lead compound is present in an amount of, for example, 3 to 15 mol %, so that the mean slope of the open circuit voltage after the time just before reaching the end of discharge at which at least 10 % of capacity remains is greater than the mean slope prior thereto.

REFERENCES:
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patent: 3853627 (1974-12-01), Lehmann et al.
patent: 4310609 (1982-01-01), Liang et al.
patent: 4391729 (1983-07-01), Liang et al.
Solar, R. J., "Comparison of accelerated test methods to determine capacity of Lithium Silver Chromate pacemaker batteries", Proc. of the Symp. on Lithium Batteries, vol. 81-4, 1981, pp. 310 to 322 (no month).
Lithium Batteries, Gabano, I. P., Ed., Academic Press, 1983, (no month) "Lithium-Manganese Dioxide Cells", Ikeda, pp.169 to 210.

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