Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – Current producing cell – elements – subcombinations and... – Electrode
Patent
1994-11-16
1995-10-31
Niebling, John
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
Current producing cell, elements, subcombinations and...
Electrode
429233, 429241, 429245, 204293, 204292, H01M 458, G01N 2726
Patent
active
054628210
ABSTRACT:
A novel primary or secondary battery whose active material for the negative electrode is composed of metallic gallium, gallium alloys or gallium oxide has first come into the world.
Gallium has an electrochemical equivalent of 23.24, which is smaller than those of zinc (32.70) and cadmium (56.21). This indicates that when used as an active material for the negative electrode in batteries, gallium has larger capacity per unit mass than zinc and cadmium by respective factors of ca. 1.4 and 2.4. The potential of the reaction; Ga+6OH.sup.- =GaO.sub.3.sup.3- +3H.sub.2 O+3e.sup.- is obviously less noble than the voltage of hydrogen evolution and this means that a high-potential battery can be made. Due to the high hydrogen overvoltage of gallium, gallium ions in the solution can be precipitated as metallic gallium by electrodeposition. As a further advantage, no dendrite formation occurs during the electrodeposition unlike in the case of zinc. The high hydrogen overvoltage also contributes to the production of a battery that undergoes only limited self-discharge. What is more, gallium which has no toxicity presents few environmental problems.
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Araki Kiyoshi
Ishida Noriya
Kitamura Toshiya
Niitsu Yasuhiko
Onoue Takashi
Bell Bruce F.
Dowa Mining Co. Ltd.
Niebling John
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