Gallic acid as a combination antioxidant, grain refiner, selecti

Electrolysis: processes – compositions used therein – and methods – Electrolytic coating – Depositing predominantly alloy coating

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205253, 205302, C25D 332

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active

052961281

ABSTRACT:
This invention relates to additives for methanesulfonic acid based tin and tin alloy plating formulations. Specifically, the invention involves the use of gallic acid in the multiple roles of antioxidant, grain refiner, selective precipitant, and selective chelator in methanesulfonic acid based tin or tin alloy plating formulations.

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Meibuhr, E., Carter, P. R., "The Mechanism of the Inhibition of Stannous-Ion Oxidation by Phenolsulfonic Acid", Electrochemical Technical, 2, 267-273 (1964).
Stirrup, B. N., Hampson, N. A., "Electrochemical Reactions of Tin in Aqueous Electrolytic Solutions", Surface Tech., 5, 429-462 (1977).

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