Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Fluid fuel – Explosion
Patent
1987-02-04
1988-07-26
Favors, Edward G.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Fluid fuel
Explosion
431 1, F22B 3100
Patent
active
047593121
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a furnace system for an installation that has a heat exchange container, it being preferred that this container be water-filled, said furnace having at least one combustion chamber for the pulse combustion of free-flowing fuels, this being fitted with an ignition system for the initial ignition of the fuel and making a transition to a waste-gas discharge system, and which has feed lines for fuel and air, the latter incorporating a system of non-return valves at the inlet into a prechamber, this system providing for an intermittent supply of air.
An installation of this kind, used mainly as a steam-generating system, is known from FR-A No. 1,023,114. In this, a plurality of combustion chambers is arranged in parallel in a water boiler, on the one side, a prechamber fitted with aerodynamic non-return valves protrudes into an air feed trunk and on the other the ends of the exhaust pipes protrude into a gas-exhaust trunk, through which passes the boiler water feed line for preheating. Steam is discharged from the hottest part of the boiler. There is no possibility of controlling the pulse combustion and there is no mixing zone, so combustion quality is not particularly high.
The present invention relates further, corresponding to FR-A No. 1,023,114--on the one hand--to a furnace with the above-cited features and which has, in addition, a steady fuel supply, this fuel being supplied under pressure through an inlet nozzle, and--on the other hand--to a furnace having the above-cited features, intended especially for the pulse combustion of a free-flowing fuel, the combustion chamber of which is installed in an opening in the water-filled heat exchange container such that it, together with a part of the waste-gas discharge system, is surrounded by water, whereas the prechamber is located outside the heat-exchange container.
Up to the present, the principle of pulse combustion has been little used for purposes of space-heating or central-heating systems, since output control, noise, and quality of combustion have always caused problems. DE-B No. 1 253 851 describes a furnace installed on a heating boiler; in this, the fuel is supplied directly into the combustion chamber by a piston-type pump, the pumping frequency of which can be adjusted. The air is delivered to a plurality of prechambers through non-return valves. The resonant frequency of the combustion chamber is matched by varying the fuel supply frequency so as to keep noise generation as low as possible.
WO-A No. 84 02 762 describes an air non-return valve for a pulse burner that has a prechamber. Within the prechamber an injection nozzle is arranged directly in front of a cross-sectional restriction in the prechamber. The mixing with air that enters all round the injection nozzle thus begins right in the prechamber; this is first continued, however, in the combustion chamber, by the acceleration effect of the restricted prechamber, in which regard the usual operating frequency of the combustion chamber precludes complete, optimal intermixing. Furthermore, there is no provision made for control.
AT-B No. 170 522 describes a pulse burner with an intermittent air supply through a non-return valve into a prechamber in which mixture formation takes place with gaseous fuel. This, too, is drawn in through a nozzle in a low-pressure phase, so that the fuel supply is not continuous. Vortex generators are provided in the prechamber so as to produce vortex cushions, which reduces the effects of pressure spikes on the non-return valve. There is no way of controlling this burner, which operates solely with gaseous fuel, in order that it can be used for a hot-air apparatus.
EP-PS No. 11457 describes a further example, according to which one embodiment is made up from prefabricated component groups, namely, a base section and an exhaust-gas chamber, a middle section and a heating boiler, in which the combustion chamber is incorporated, and an upper section with an air compression chamber and a gas compression chamber; this apparatus burns
REFERENCES:
patent: 2722180 (1955-11-01), McIlvaine
patent: 2729939 (1956-01-01), Campbell
patent: 3267986 (1966-08-01), Olsson
patent: 3853453 (1974-12-01), Olsson
patent: 4569310 (1986-02-01), Davis
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