Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Inhibiting chemical or physical change of food by contact... – Animal flesh – citrus fruit – bean or cereal seed material
Reexamination Certificate
2001-10-15
2004-09-28
Bhat, N. (Department: 1761)
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Inhibiting chemical or physical change of food by contact...
Animal flesh, citrus fruit, bean or cereal seed material
C426S335000, C426S616000, C426S532000, C504S127000, C504S148000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06797301
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to novel fungicide compositions useful in the treatment of fruits against fungal diseases, and the methods for treating fruits against fungal diseases using the said compositions.
It is well known that fruits, after they have been harvested, become covered with moulds, which causes them to rot.
These moulds appear after a long or shorter period, depending on the nature of the fruit or of the vegetable and the environmental conditions, and are the result of the development of one or more phytopathogenic fungi. These fungi, for the majority, and their mode of development are well known.
Thus, numerous methods for treating fruits have already been known and described.
Among them, there may be mentioned the application by immersion and/or brushing of the fruits after harvest in known fungicide solutions. Reference may be made, for example, to the work by A. Chitzanidis et al.,
Bulletin OEPP
, 20(1), (1990), 163-168 or to that by E. Cohen et al.,
Phytoparasitica
, 18(1), (1990), 17-26.
Other methods recommend a first treatment by spraying fungicide compounds on fruit trees, and then applying to the fruits other fungicides by immersion and/or brushing. This type of treatment is described in particular by S. Toker et al.,
Turk. J. Agric. For
., 20(1), (1996), 78-83.
Among the fungicides most commonly used for the treatment of fruits after harvest, there may be mentioned imazalil (described in “The Pesticide Manual”, 10th edition, British Crop Protection Council, page 580), thiabendazole (ibid. page 972) or SOPP (sodium o-phenylphenate, ibid. page 794), which have so far proved the most effective.
These compounds are indeed particularly active against strains of Penicillium, which are responsible for numerous fungal diseases.
Unfortunately, strains of Penicillium resistant to thiabendazole (P. R. Harding Jr.,
Plant Dis. Rep
., 56(3), (1972), 256-260), and more recently resistant to imazalil have appeared (see for example the publications by J. W. Eckert,
Phytopathology
, 77(12), (1987), 1728, and
ISPP Chemical Control Newsletter
, 10, (1988), 36-38).
These compounds are moreover weakly active, or even inactive on other phytopathogenic fungi. In addition, while imazalil may be used for preventive and curative treatment, this curative effect remains limited over time.
It is also always desirable to improve the fungicide products used for treating fruits.
It is also always desirable to reduce the doses of chemical products applied to fruits, in particular by reducing the doses for application of the products.
It is finally always desirable to increase the range of antifungal products available so as to find among them those best suited to specific uses.
A first object of the present invention consists in providing fungicide compositions exhibiting a broad activity spectrum, that is to say possessing substantial activity on a number of phytopathogenic fungi greater than the number of phytopathogenic fungi treated with known compositions.
A second object of the invention consists in providing fungicide compositions possessing both a preventive effect and a curative effect, in particular an improved curative effect compared with the fungicide compositions currently used.
Another object of the present invention consists in providing fungicide compositions which are able to effectively control the strains of fungi resistant to known fungicide compositions.
Another aim of the present invention is to provide fungicide compositions which are effective at substantially lower doses compared with the doses currently applied.
Another object of the present invention consists in providing fungicide compositions applied to fruits so as to prevent or delay their rotting, while remaining suitable for consumption.
Other objects of the invention will appear in the disclosure of the invention which is presented in the remainder of the present description.
Surprisingly, it has been discovered that all these objects are achieved fully or partially by virtue of the fungicide compositions which are the subject of the present invention.
The present invention therefore relates to fungicide compositions useful for controlling phytopathogenic fungi infesting or capable of infesting fruits, characterized in that they contain:
at least one fungicide compound inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, and
at least one fungicide compound inhibiting sterol biosynthesis.
Among the fungicide compounds inhibiting mitochondrial respiration there may be mentioned, for example, strobilurin and analogous compounds or derivatives, such as for example azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, discostrobin, but also 4-chloro-2-cyano-N,N-dimethyl-5-p-tolylimidazole-1-sulphonamide, 5-methyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-3-(phenylamino)-2,4-oxazolidine-dione (or famoxadone) as well as the compounds of general formula (I):
in which:
M represents an oxygen or sulphur atom;
n is an integer equal to 0 or 1;
Y is a fluorine or chlorine atom, or a methyl radical.
The compounds of formula (I) are known, in particular by patent application EP-A-0 629 616.
Preferably, there will be chosen from the compounds of formula (I) the compound for which M represents a sulphur atom and n is equal to 0, that is to say (4-S)-4-methyl-2-methylthio-4-phenyl-1-phenylamino-2-imidazoline-5-one, called Fenamidone.
The list of fungicide compounds inhibiting mitochondrial respiration should not be considered as being limiting, but as illustrating, for persons skilled in the art, the range of compounds inhibiting mitochondrial respiration available to them.
Likewise, by way of illustration, among the compounds inhibiting sterol biosynthesis which may be used in the fungicide compositions of the present invention, there may be mentioned, for example, imazalil.
Preferably, there will be chosen, for the fungicide compositions which are the subject of the invention, as inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, a compound of formula (I) or famoxadone, and as inhibitor of sterol biosynthesis, imazalil.
Most preferably, the fungicide compositions according to the present invention comprise imazalil in combination with fenamidone.
The compositions according to the present invention are provided in the form of liquids which are viscous to a greater or lesser degree, ranging from a viscosity similar to that of water or of oil, to wax-type formulations.
As a general rule, the doses of fungicide compounds present in the compositions of the invention depend on the nature of the compounds themselves, the nature of the fruits to be treated and the nature of the diseases to be treated and their degree of infestation.
The doses of inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration used for the fungicide compositions of the present invention are advantageously between 10 mg/l and 1000 mg/l, preferably between 20 mg/l and 300 mg/l, preferably still between 40 mg/l and 150 mg/l, for example between 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l.
The doses of inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis used for the fungicide compositions of the present invention are advantageously between 100 mg/l and 3000 mg/l, preferably between 50 mg/l and 2500 mg/l, preferably still between 200 mg/l and 2000 mg/l, for example between about 400 mg/l and 1000 mg/l.
It is clearly understood that the fungicide compositions according to the present invention may contain, in addition to one or more inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration and one or more inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis, one or more other fungicide compounds known to persons skilled in the art and suitable for treating fungal diseases of fruits.
By way of nonlimiting example, the other fungicide compounds which may be included in the compositions of the invention comprise phosphorous acid, as well as its derivatives and its salts. A product which is most particularly suitable for the compositions of the present invention is the aluminium salt of phosphorous acid, called Fosetyl-Al (described in “The Pesticide Manual”, 10th edition, British Crop Protection Council, page 530).
Thus, a most particularly preferred composition of the present in
Duvert Patrice
Mercer Richard
Aventis Cropscience SA
Ostrolenk Faber Gerb & Soffen, LLP
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