Fuel nozzle generating acoustic vibrations

Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – With means to vibrate or jiggle discharge

Patent

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Details

239406, 239408, 2394173, 239467, 239500, F23D 1110, F02M 6700

Patent

active

053141172

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to devices for atomizing fuel and, more specifically, to fuel-injection nozzles.
The present invention may be advantageously used in the automotive, petroleum refining, food and other industries.


PRIOR ART

There is known in the prior art a fuel-injection nozzle (Ref. W. A. Wanscheidt et al. DIESEL ENGINES, 1977, Machinostroyeniye/Mechanical Engineering/Publishers, Moscow) comprising a body, conduits for supply and removal of fuel, and a fuel-atomizing nozzle. The prior-art device does not ensure good quality of fuel atomization.
Also known in the prior art is a fuel-injection nozzle (Ref. SU, A, 731190), comprising a body, a fuel-supply pipe, in which, upstream of radial openings arranged in one and the same plane, a constricted portion is provided in the form of an axial conical nozzle. This prior-art nozzle further comprises a resonator whose tail end is shaped as a conical splitter having its apex directed towards the nozzle, and adjoining the radial openings. The generatrix of the conical splitter is arcuate, while its annular slot is formed as a Delaval nozzle.
In the prior-art fuel nozzle, dispersion of fuel takes place in three steps, namely: in radial openings, in the super-critical region of the annular slot, and between the resonator and the bevelled end of the annular slot. This structural arrangement makes it possible to improve completeness of fuel combustion. However, ultimately, this arrangement does not improve the quality of fuel atomization and ensure required fuel distribution throughout a fuel combustion chamber.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention seeks to solve the problem of developing a fuel-injection nozzle whose structural arrangement is such as to make possible a uniform distribution of fuel both in terms of pressure and volume and to improve fuel atomization efficiency, whereby it becomes possible to lower fuel supply pressure and, consequently, to increase the engine efficiency.
The above-formulated problem is solved by providing a fuel-injection nozzle comprising a body and a cylindrical sleeve accomodating a tubular element provided with an axially extending channel, at the end of which an acoustic head is arranged having a surface capable of generating acoustic vibrations. The nozzle body supports a reflecting surface. The tubular element is disposed perpendicularly to the reflecting surface and forms an annular channel between the internal surface of the sleeve and the external surface of the element. The surface of the acoustic head is provided with radial recesses communicating with the axially extending channel. In accordance with the present invention, the nozzle is provided with a device which is intended to swirl the gas flow and which is attached to the nozzle body. The axial channel of the nozzle accomodates a regulating element, while the surface generating acoustic vibrations is conically shaped and has an annular recess. The reflecting surface of the nozzle is made in the form of a plurality of pyramids whose lateral faces are conjugated at the base of the sleeve with its cylindrical surface.
The above-described structural arrangement of the nozzle enables the gas flow to be swirled about its axis and then to be reflected first from the conical surface and next from the reflecting surface. The thus-reflected toroidally shaped vortex atomizes fuel droplets to minute particles and causes them to be uniformly distributed throughout the entire volume of the chamber, the droplet size in the fuel mixture being regulated by the element mounted in the axial channel.
It is advisable that the surface of the acoustic head be provided with an annular bore communicating with the radial openings, and this arrangement is conducive to intensive mixing of the gas vortex with minute fuel droplets.
It is advisable that the apex of the surface generating acoustic vibrations face the reflecting surface. This arrangement of the reflecting surface contributes to intensive flow-around of the surface by gas streams.
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REFERENCES:
patent: 3923248 (1975-12-01), Cresswell
patent: 4102651 (1978-07-01), Kerner et al.

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