Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Combining of separately supplied fluids – Including whirler device to induce fluid rotation
Patent
1976-10-27
1978-08-08
Peters, Jr., Joseph F.
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Combining of separately supplied fluids
Including whirler device to induce fluid rotation
60 3974R, 431 9, B05B 710
Patent
active
041051637
ABSTRACT:
A fuel nozzle for use with gas turbines includes a centrally disposed orifice for discharging fuel into a combustion chamber. A first annular passage surrounds the fuel orifice and discharges primary air adjacent the exit of the fuel orifice for effecting atomization of the fuel and mixture of the air with the fuel to provide a fuel/air spray having a predetermined spray angle. A second annular passage for supplying secondary air is provided surrounding the first passage. This second passage is formed to supply air in a manner which creates a relatively low pressure substantially at the base of the fuel/air spray. When operating at the low fuel flow rates corresponding to low loads, air is supplied only through the first air passage and a relatively narrow spray angle, with a substantial concentration of fuel, is achieved. In a specific embodiment, as the load increases secondary air is supplied with a swirling motion through the second or outer annular passage and creates a vortex of rotating air flow, resulting in a reduction in static pressure at the base of the spray formed by the mixture of fuel and primary air. The reduction in pressure at the base of the spray causes the spray angle to be increased and enhances fuel and air mixing. This improves combustion and reduces smoke emission. In other embodiments, if desired, secondary air may be supplied at any fuel flow rate to provide the optimum spray angle for any given condition. The spray angle is controllable independently of the fuel flow rate.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2658800 (1951-02-01), Collinson
patent: 2812212 (1957-11-01), Rogers et al.
patent: 3758258 (1973-09-01), Kohli
patent: 3768250 (1973-10-01), Kawaguchi
patent: 3886736 (1975-06-01), Kawaguchi
patent: 3946552 (1976-03-01), Weinstein et al.
Davis, Jr. Lewis B.
Wilkes Colin
General Electric Company
Mar Michael
Peters Jr. Joseph F.
Squillaro Jerome C.
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