Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Including valve means in flow line – Reciprocating
Reexamination Certificate
1999-08-27
2001-02-06
Kashnikow, Andres (Department: 3752)
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Including valve means in flow line
Reciprocating
C251S129210
Reexamination Certificate
active
06182912
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is based on a fuel injection valve according to the definition of the species of the main claim.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A fuel injection valve capable of being electromagnetically actuated in which a plurality of disk-shaped elements are arranged in the seat area is described German Patent No. 39 43 005. Upon excitation of the magnetic circuit, a flat valve plate functioning as a flat armature is raised off an opposite valve seat plate which acts in concert with it, the two together forming a plate valve part. Upstream of the valve seat plate, a swirl element is arranged which causes the fuel flowing toward the valve seat to move in a circular, swirling motion. A stop plate limits the axial path of the valve plate on the side opposite the valve seat plate. The valve plate is enveloped by the swirl element with a large amount of play; thus the swirl element assumes a certain guiding function with respect to the valve plate, In addition, a spacer element is also provided between the stop plate and the swirl element, the spacer element having an opening in the interior into which the valve plate is brought with a large degree of play. The swirl element, the spacer element, and the stop plate lie one on top of the other and are installed as a fixed part of the housing in the valve.
In addition, a fuel injection valve is described in German Patent No. 33 01 501 in which an axially movable valve needle has a valve closing section that works in concert with a valve seat surface of a valve seat insert to open and close the valve. Upstream of its valve seat surface, the valve seat insert has a guide opening in which the valve needle is guided. In addition to the valve seat insert, a guide washer configured separately from the valve seat insert is provided in the nozzle housing and rests against the shoulder of the nozzle housing. A spring arranged between the guide washer and the valve seat insert causes the two components to be pressed in precisely opposite directions into the desired positions in the nozzle housing. As a result of the spatial arrangement of the spring, the spring on the guide washer is thus prestressed away from the valve seat insert and toward the shoulder in the housing opposite the valve seat insert. The guide washer with its guide opening forms an upper guide for the valve needle, with the guide washer being widely separated from the valve seat by the spring situated between it and the valve seat insert.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The fuel injection valve according to the present invention has an advantage that it can be manufactured at a reduced cost in a particularly simple manner, As a result of its particularly simple construction with only one precisely dimensioned interior guide opening, the guide element is simple to manufacture. All other dimensions of the guide element can be provided with distinctly higher tolerances. In a particularly advantageous manner, the guide element serves largely only to guide the valve needle, which extends through it. Thus there is a separation of functions from the other elements following downstream.
In an advantageous manner, the guide element is “softly” spring-loaded in the housing of the valve via a compression spring. The guide element, which can move radially in the housing, for example in a valve seat support, can be aligned with respect to the valve seat element even after the valve seat element has been fastened. Thus in a simple manner, any slight dimensional deviations which may occur in fastening (for example, welding) the valve seat element can still be compensated for with the guide element. As a result of the relative radial movement of the guide element with respect to the valve seat after the latter has been fastened and after the guide element has been spring-loaded, there is a lower self-centering guide arrangement close to the valve seat. Overall, the procedures for adjusting and positioning are significantly simplified. In an advantageous manner, the separate guide element is present in direct proximity of the valve seat element so that the valve needle can still be aligned very close to its valve closing section.
The modular construction of the elements and the associated separation of functions has the advantage that individual components can be configured with much flexibility so that by simple variation of one element, various spray configurations (spray angle, static spray quantity) can be produced.
In addition to the guide function described above, the face of the guide element also serves, however, as a cover for swirl channels that follow downstream of the guide opening as a means for generating swirl.
It is advantageous for the guide element to be accommodated in a recess of the support element. Like the guide element, the support element, which by way of example has a cylindrical exterior contour, has a guide opening in which the valve needle can move axially, with the guide opening of the support element being designed with greater play with respect to the valve needle than the guide opening of the guide element. As a result of the relatively great play with respect to the valve needle, the support element can be manufactured and installed at a reduced cost. The support element serves to pre-center the valve needle during assembly and can also be used as an “emergency guide.” If dirt or other deposits cause the guide element to adhere to the valve needle and move axially with it, the guide opening of the support element can still assume guidance of the valve needle.
In a particularly advantageous manner, a disk-shaped swirl element is provided downstream of the guide element which is very simply structured and as a result can be very easily molded. The only function left for the swirl element is to create a swirl of rotating movement in the fuel and in so doing as far as possible not to allow interfering turbulence to develop in the fluid. All other valve functions are assumed by other components of the valve. In this way, the swirl element can be machined in an optimized manner. Since the swirl element is a single component, no restrictions in handling it in the manufacturing process should be expected. In comparison with swirl units which have grooves or similar swirl-generating recesses on one face, it is possible by the simplest of means to create an interior opening area which extends over the entire axial thickness of the swirl element and is surrounded by an exterior encircling border area.
In an advantageous manner, a desired extension of the swirl channels can be achieved through curving or kinking. The hook-shaped ends of the swirl channels serve as collecting pockets which form a reservoir over a large area for low-turbulence inflow of the fuel. Following deflection of the flow, the fuel enters the actual, tangential swirl channels slowly and at low turbulence, as a result of which a swirl largely free of disturbance can be created.
In addition to the manufacture of the swirl element from a metal sheet and its processing through stamping, laser cutting, or wire EDM, it can be very advantageous to build up the swirl element through electrochemical precipitation. Using this manufacturing technology, it is possible to create multilayer swirl elements in a simple manner in which multiple raised areas rise in the desired shape, with swirl channels being formed between the raised areas.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4274598 (1981-06-01), Wilfert et al.
patent: 4971254 (1990-11-01), Daly et al.
patent: 5044561 (1991-09-01), Holzgrefe
patent: 5108037 (1992-04-01), Okamoto et al.
patent: 5209408 (1993-05-01), Reiter
patent: 5570841 (1996-11-01), Pace et al.
patent: 5875972 (1999-03-01), Ren et al.
patent: 5979801 (1999-11-01), Munezane et al.
patent: 33 01 501 (1983-08-01), None
patent: 39 43 005 (1990-07-01), None
patent: 042 799 (1981-12-01), None
patent: 387 085 (1990-09-01), None
Bruckner Reinhold
Buhner Martin
Eichendorf Andreas
Fischbach Dirk
Herold Stefan
Douglas Lisa Ann
Kashnikow Andres
Kenyon & Kenyon
Robert & Bosch GmbH
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