Internal-combustion engines – Charge forming device – Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel
Patent
1987-03-11
1989-09-19
Argenbright, Tony M.
Internal-combustion engines
Charge forming device
Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel
123305, 239 5, 239460, 23953312, F02M 6104, F02M 6108, F02M 6118, F02M 6712
Patent
active
048671282
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a method of injecting a fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in a manner to control the fuel distribution with the chamber.
The characteristics of the spray of the fuel droplets issuing from a nozzle into a combustion chamber have major effects on the efficiency of the burning of the fuel which in turn affects the stability of the operation of the engine, the fuel efficiency and the exhaust emissions. To optimise these effects in a spark ignited engine the desirable characteristics of the spray pattern of the fuel issuing from the nozzle include small fuel droplet size, controlled penetration of the fuel spray into the chamber, and at least at low engine loads a relatively contained evenly distributed cloud of fuel droplets.
Some known injection nozzles, used for the delivery of fuel directly into the combustion chamber of an engine, are of the poppet valve type from which the fuel issues in the form of a hollow divergent conical spray, with the fuel droplets forming a continuous wall of the cone extending from the peripheral edge of the poppet valve. The continuous nature of the wall of fuel droplets restricts the extent of atomisation of the fuel, and the dispersion of the fuel droplets in the air to form a fuel mist cloud, which is desirable for ignition and complete combustion of the fuel. Also the continuous wall of fuel droplets, issuing as a continuation of the direction of flow of the droplets from the nozzle, increases the extent of penetration of the fuel into the cylinder which is particularly undesirable under light fuelling conditions.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a method of injecting fuel through a nozzle into a combustion chamber, and a nozzle construction, which will contribute to a reduction in the problems experienced with existing nozzles and to improve emissions control and engine operation stability.
With this object in view there is provided according to one aspect of the present invention a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an engine comprising entraining the fuel in a gas and selectively injecting the resultant fuel-gas mixture into the combustion chamber, and providing during injection to the combustion chamber alternate first and second flow paths for at least part of the fuel-gas mixture so that part of the fuel-gas mixture forms an array of alternate first and second fuel-gas mixture streams issuing into the combustion chamber.
Preferably the first array of gas entrained fuel droplets issues to form a divergent cone formation and the second array of droplets preferably issues to form a formation which is not divergent, and conveniently issues into a somewhat cylindrical formation or inwardly converging conical formation, disposed within the confines of the outwardly divergent formation of the first array.
More specifically there is provided a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an engine comprising entraining the fuel in a gas stream and selectively opening a port to inject the fuel-gas mixture so formed into the combustion chamber, and promoting preferred respective paths for the fuel-gas mixture as it passes through the port to produce a first array of generally circular cross-section of gas entrained fuel droplets and a second array of gas entrained fuel droplets within the area defined by the first array issuing from the port.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an engine comprising entraining the fuel in a gas and selectively opening a port to discharge the fuel-gas mixture so formed into the combustion chamber, and promoting preferred respective paths of gas and fuel as the mixture passes through the open port to produce an array of fuel-gas mixture with alternate regions of differing fuel content around the port.
Preferably the fuel-gas mixture issues with the array of a circular or arcuate cross-section about the axis of the port. The arr
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Brooks Roy S.
Ragg Peter W.
Argenbright Tony M.
Orbital Engine Company Proprietary
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