Fuel injection device according to the solid-state energy storag

Details Fuel injection device according to the solid-state energy storag Fuel injection device according to the solid-state energy storag

1994-09-02

1996-05-28

Moulis, Thomas N.

Internal-combustion engines

Charge forming device

With fuel pump

92 84, F02M 3704

Patent

active

055201547

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention pertains to a fuel injection device for internal combustion engines.
Fuel injection devices whose electrically driven reciprocating pumps work according to the so-called solid-state energy storage principle, have a delivery plunger or cylinder which on a specific path is accelerated virtually without resistance, whereby usually fuel is moved before the build-up of the delivery pressure required for the ejection of the fuel through the injection nozzle. In this way, before the pressure build-up necessary for the actual injection, kinetic energy is absorbed or stored which is then abruptly converted into a pressure rise in the fuel.
With a so-called pump-nozzle element operating on the solid-state energy storage principle known from DD-PS 120 514, the fuel delivery space accommodating the delivery plunger of the injection pump has in a first section axially parallel arranged grooves in the inner wall through which the fuel can flow off to the rear of the delivery plunger when the plunger begins to move without a significant pressure build-up in the fuel. The adjacent second section of the fuel delivery space is the actual pressure chamber which does not have grooves. When the accelerated delivery plunger enters this pressure chamber, it is abruptly slowed down by the incompressible fuel, so that the stored kinetic energy is converted into a pressure impulse which overcomes the resistance of the injection nozzle so that fuel is injected. An attendant disadvantage is that when the delivery plunger enters the second section of the delivery space, unfavorable gap conditions viz. a relatively large gap width and a relatively small gap length produce noticeably high pressure losses which particularly reduce the possible speed and pressure level of the pressure build-up and so exert an unfavorable influence on the ejection. The pressure losses are caused by flowing off of fuel from the pressure chamber into the pressure antechamber (first section of the fuel delivery space).
According to DD-PS 213 472 this disadvantage should be avoided if in the pressure chamber of the delivery plunger an impact body is arranged on which the plunger, accelerated almost without resistance, impacts, so that the pressure loss during the pressure build-up can be kept acceptably small by a relatively large gap length despite a relatively large gap width (large manufacturing tolerances) between the impact body and the inner wall of the pressure chamber. This has, however, the disadvantage that the impact leads to considerable wear of the impacting elements. Moreover, the impact sets up longitudinal oscillations in the impact body and these oscillations are transferred to the fuel and in the form of high-frequency pressure oscillations disturb the injection process.
A special disadvantage of these known solid-state energy storage injection devices is that the injection process can only be controlled to a very limited and therefore be adapted to the load conditions of the engine to a very limited extent.
The object of the invention is the creation of a cheap, simple to manufacture device for fuel injection by using an impact body of the type mentioned above with which it is possible to inject fuel without noticeable pressure losses during pressure build-up, relatively free from wear, precisely metered according to load and without oscillations having a noticeable effect on the injection process.
The object is achieved by the characteristic features disclosed and described therein. The invention is explained in more detail with the aid of drawings.
Illustrations:
FIG. 1 to 5: diagrams giving a longitudinal view of various embodiments of the injection device as per invention.
FIG. 6, 7 and 8: diagrams of a fuel supply device supporting the injection device as per invention for engine starting and emergency running without a battery.
FIG. 9 to 12: diagrams giving a longitudinal view of damping devices for the rotor of the reciprocating pump.
FIG. 13, 14 and 15: diagrams giving a longitudinal view of preferred embodiments of the

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