Internal-combustion engines – Combustion chamber means having fuel injection only – Combination igniting means and injector
Patent
1997-04-24
1998-03-24
Dolinar, Andrew M.
Internal-combustion engines
Combustion chamber means having fuel injection only
Combination igniting means and injector
313120, F02M 5706, F02P 1504
Patent
active
057301000
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a fuel injector and, particularly, to a combined fuel injector and ignition plug.
STATE OF THE ART
In recent years, so-called four-valve technology has come to be increasingly used in combustion engines, more particularly in vehicle engines of the Otto type. In such an engine it is usual for each cylinder to be provided with two inlet valves (intake valves) and two outlet valves (exhaust valves), resulting respectively in improved engine loading and more effective exhaust gas removal. As not only the four valves but also an ignition plug have to be accommodated in the cylinder's upwardly delineating combustion chamber wall (the cylinder top) on the underside of the cylinder head, possibilities for the valves and the ignition plug to be situated at functionally optimum points are obviously limited. In cases where it is also intended that fuel injection should take place not in the inlet pipe (the injection pipe) upstream of the respective inlet valve but directly into the combustion chamber, there is the additional problem of accommodating the injector in the combustion chamber wall on the underside of the cylinder head.
Today's four-valve technology and the positioning of the inlet valves or injection valves which cooperate with fuel injectors thus involve considerable problems with regard to being able in an advantageous and, from a fuel consumption point of view, optimum manner to supply fuel to and direct the stream of finely divided fuel into the combustion chamber. Cylinder head configurations at present being discussed and, still more, those desired in the future involve still more limited and hence worse situations for selecting the optimum injector position in the inlet pipe.
It is thus for various reasons desirable to adopt a fuel injection installation which makes it possible for fuel injection to take place centrally and directly into the combustion chamber and this preferably in the region of the ignition plug well.
Various technical solutions for incorporating injectors and ignition plugs in an injector arrangement combined with ignition plug devices are previously known, see for example U.S. Pat. No. 4,967,708, which describes a fuel injector provided with annularly arranged pairs of cooperating axially directed threadlike electrodes which protrude from respectively earthed and high-voltage parts of the injection arrangement. However, the electrode version adopted is complicated and bulky and involves the same disadvantages as are inherent in conventional ignition plugs, namely that the electrode separation (the spark gap) changes and becomes incorrect partly because of contamination such as soot on the electrodes, fusion beads on the insulator foot and other kinds of deposits on the electrodes, and partly because of burnt electrodes. In the known injection arrangement, incorrect electrode separation means that the whole arrangement has to be replaced, resulting in substantially higher maintenance costs than for replacing a conventional ignition plug. This known arrangement also means that the electrodes connected to earth protrude into the region through which the fuel passes, resulting in the fuel distribution in the cylinder being more or less influenced by the electrodes.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is therefore based inter alia on one or more of the following objects: is combined with an injection plug, has only one central electrode and has as its second electrode another suitable surface in the combustion chamber, e.g. a portion of the piston which is designed as an electrode, whereby the ignition spark normally strikes through the whole combustion chamber and through a centrally injected fuel/air plume; optimum fuel localisation without obstruction by internally protruding electrodes; injector arrangement; of shotlike compressed air pulses; further fine division of it in the combustion chamber results from drops of liquid in the fuel spray being kept suspended in the combustion chamber because they have the same charge and henc
REFERENCES:
patent: 3855972 (1974-12-01), Roberts
patent: 4450795 (1984-05-01), Schaich
patent: 4967708 (1990-11-01), Linder et al.
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