Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Processes – Of fuel injection
Patent
1997-11-17
1999-11-09
Weldon, Kevin
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Processes
Of fuel injection
2395855, 239574, B05B 130
Patent
active
059797860
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to solenoid operated actuators and, in particular, to solenoid operated fuel injection apparatus.
Fuel injection apparatus to inject fuel to a combustion chamber of an engine are well known. Equally well known are solenoid actuated fuel injection apparatus.
For example, the applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,329 discloses a fuel injection apparatus comprising a body with a port in the body providing communication with a combustion chamber of an engine in accordance with the operation of a valve element connected to a stem extending through a port cavity in the body. Electromagnetic means within the body are disposed about and operably connected to the valve stem. Accordingly, when the electromagnetic means is selectively energised and de-energised, the valve element may be moved to open and close the port. In that case, the electromagnetic means operates only the valve element which opens and closes the port. Delivery of fuel to the port cavity occurs in accordance with the control of a fuel metering unit, for example, the unit marketed by the Rochester Products Division of General Motors Corporation under the Trade Mark "Multec". Typically, the fuel metering unit would ordinarily include a separate solenoid actuated fuel metering valve.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,925,112, assigned to General Motors Corporation, discloses an injector adapted to deliver a charge of fuel and air directly into the combustion chamber of a two-stroke cycle engine. A pair of solenoid coils are aligned along a common axis situated between an armature that serves as a fuel metering valve and an armature that operates a charge delivery valve. The injector provides air and fuel injectors integrated into a single package in an effort to minimise the overall size of the injector.
The injectors described above are illustrations of units that, in certain applications, may present difficulties in respect to both size and cost. In the applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,329, the issue of the overall size of the injector unit is illustrated. That is, there is disclosed, in combination, a fuel metering unit and an individual fuel injection apparatus. Such a combination may, in certain applications, suffer the disadvantage of bulkiness. In addition, the number of moving parts and the requirement for separate fuel metering and fuel injection units invariably implies a greater cost than may be the case with a unit in which the metering and injection units are integrated. It will also be understood that a multiplicity of solenoid actuated valves is itself a cost factor.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,925,112, whilst disclosing the packaging of both a metering unit and an injection unit into the one apparatus, also illustrates the disadvantage of cost. In this patent, whilst there is disclosed one overall injector unit, there are still two solenoid coils actuating two valve armatures. The use of two individual coils creates the disadvantage that the overall unit remains heavy and somewhat bulky. Further, a cost disadvantage may be encountered in respect of the cost of two control channels and associated driver circuitry which are required for operation of the solenoid coils.
The above mentioned problems of size and cost are problems which become more difficult to ignore in price sensitive markets. Here, a cost difference of a small amount, in terms of a developed economy, may be significant enough to render a product unmarketable whether or not the product is technically advantageous.
Single solenoid fuel injectors have been proposed previously. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,004,162 and European Patent No. 404357. However, these systems have shown deficiencies when compared to systems wherein separate solenoids are provided for fuel and air charge delivery. The use of a single solenoid in these systems has introduced limitations in their operation. As the fuel and air charge valve armatures are no longer independent, difficulties have arisen where an overlap between fuel injection and air charge delivery is required, or where it is desired to commence
REFERENCES:
patent: 4427959 (1984-01-01), Chuzawa
patent: 4655255 (1987-04-01), Rode
patent: 5004162 (1991-04-01), Stettner et al.
patent: 5104046 (1992-04-01), Sakagami
patent: 5381966 (1995-01-01), Gernert
patent: 5730369 (1998-03-01), De Nagel et al.
Longman David John
Turno Lech Janusz
Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty Limited
Weldon Kevin
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