Internal-combustion engines – Charge forming device – Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel
Patent
1995-09-29
1997-04-22
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Charge forming device
Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel
F02M 5100
Patent
active
056221550
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a fuel injected internal combustion engine and in particular to a direct injected internal combustion engine, that is, an engine wherein individual metered quantities of fuel are injected directly into the respective cylinder(s) of the engine. More particularly, the invention is directed to such engines wherein the fuel is injected entrained in a gas, preferably air.
Engines of the above type are known and typically incorporate a reservoir for the gas used in the injection process wherein the gas at an appropriate pressure is held and sequentially delivered to the respective injector(s) of the engine to carry out the injection process. In multi-cylinder engines of the above type, it has been suggested in prior patent applications to provide a plenum chamber in direct communication with each of the injector units as the source of compressed gas.
It has been proposed to take compressed gas from the cylinders of the engine for subsequent use as a supply of high pressure gas for effecting the injection of fuel into the engine combustion chambers. In two such prior proposals, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,710,600 and GB Patent Application No. 2093113, coaxial fuel and air chambers are provided with the fuel being delivered to the fuel chamber and gas from a combustion chamber to the gas chamber. The gas is further compressed in this gas chamber to effect transfer of the gas to the fuel chamber and subsequent delivery of the fuel entrained in the gas to the combustion chamber. A more complex system of extracting high pressure gas from the combustion chamber for use in subsequent injection of fuel is disclosed in the Applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 4,781,164. The proposals disclosed in this US patent are relatively complex and in each instance supply the gas extracted from the combustion chamber to an external chamber or reservoir from which it is subsequently supplied to the air/fuel injectors.
Further, there is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication 64-19170 an engine having individual systems for delivering fuel and compressed air independently to the combustion chamber of an engine. The respective locations of the air and fuel delivery points are arranged so that the air and fuel are mixed on entry to the combustion chamber. It is proposed that by injecting the air into the combustion chamber independently of the injection of the fuel, the timing of the commencement and conclusion of the delivery of the air can be independently varied in relation to the delivery of the fuel. The advantage of this independent delivery of the fuel and air to the combustion chamber is said to be that it provides unrestricted selection of the timing and duration of the supply of air so that the most beneficial effect is achieved in relation to the management of the combustion process.
It is the object of the present invention to provide an internal combustion engine having a fuel injection system incorporating a compressed gas supply which is constructed and arranged to not substantially increase the external physical dimensions of the engine and which will contribute to the effective performance of the injection system and consequently of the engine.
With this object in view, there is provided an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber, and respective fuel injector means arranged to deliver fuel to each said combustion chamber, each fuel injector means including a nozzle chamber having a selectively openable nozzle operable to communicate the nozzle chamber with the combustion chamber, fuel metering means to meter fuel for delivery from the nozzle chamber to the combustion chamber, and gas chamber means arranged adjacent said combustion chamber laterally spaced from said nozzle chamber and in communication therewith to supply gas to the nozzle chamber, whereby the fuel is delivered from the nozzle chamber to the combustion chamber entrained in the gas.
Preferably, the gas chamber means and/or the nozzle chamber are located within a cylinder head of the engine, and whe
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Patent Abstracts of Japan, JP,A,1-19170; Jan. 23, 1989.
Ellwood Nicholas J.
Hill Raymond J.
Okonsky David A.
Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty. Limited
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