Fuel and related compositions – Liquid fuels – Organic nitrogen compound containing
Reexamination Certificate
1999-09-28
2001-02-27
Howard, Jacqueline V. (Department: 1764)
Fuel and related compositions
Liquid fuels
Organic nitrogen compound containing
C044S432000, C044S434000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06193767
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel fuel additive and fuel formulations. These composition are effective in reducing intake valve deposits and do not contribute to increased combustion chamber deposits in port fuel injected engines. In particular, the present invention relates to novel fuel additives for use in gasoline formulations.
It is well known to those skilled in the art that internal combustion engines form deposits on the surface of engine components, such as carburetor ports, throttle bodies, fuel injectors, intake ports, and intake valves, due to the oxidation and polymerization of hydrocarbon fuel. Deposits also form in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine as a result of incomplete combustion of the mixture of air, fuel, and oil. These deposits, even when present in relatively minor amounts, often cause noticeable driving problems, such as stalling and poor acceleration. Moreover, engine deposits can significantly increase an automobile's fuel consumption and production of exhaust pollutants. Specifically, when the gasoline used in a given engine is of a constant octane number, the power output decreases when deposits are formed. In order to maintain the power output at a predetermined desired level, it then becomes necessary to increase the octane number of the fuel over the course of time. This Octane Requirement Increase (ORI) is undesirable. Therefore, the development of effective fuel detergents or deposit control additives to prevent or control such deposits is of considerable importance, and numerous attempts have been made to identify suitable compositions. The present invention is directed to novel compositions which have not only demonstrated unexpected and synergistic improvement in the control of intake valve deposits (IVD) compared to other formulations but also do not cause any significant increase in combustion chamber deposits.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,332,595, Herbstman et al., Jun. 1, 1982, discloses a compound having the formula
R—[O—CH
2
—CH(CH
3
)]
y
—NH—(CH
2
)
3
—NH
2
where R is hydrocarbyl radical having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and y is about 2 to 6.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,089,029, Hashimoto et al., discloses a fuel additive composition which comprises an additive compound having the formula
R—O—(AO)
m
—(C
3
H
6
N)
n
H
wherein R is a hydrocarbyl radical having 10 to 50 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 10 to 50 and n is an integer of 1 to 3; and 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, per 1 part of said additive compound, of a mineral or synthetic oil. This patent also claims a fuel oil composition comprising a fuel oil, 1 to 20,000 ppm of the above additive compound, and 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, per 1 part of said additive compound, of a mineral or synthetic oil. The mineral or synthetic oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of poly-alpha-olefin, polybutene, an adduct of an alcohol with an alkylene oxide, an adduct of an alkylphenol with an alkylene oxide, an alkylene oxide polymer such as an addition product of propylene oxide or butylene oxide and an ester thereof.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,264,006, Schilowitz et al., Nov. 23, 1993, discloses distillate fuel compositions containing an alkyl ether monoamine having the formula
RO[C
4
H
8
O]
(9-18)
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
NH
2
where R is highly branched alkyl group derived from a Guerbet alcohol containing between 12 and 40 carbon atoms, are effective in reducing the formation of intake valve deposits in internal combustion engines.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a novel composition for use in fuels to substantially reduce IVD.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a novel composition for use in gasoline to substantially reduce IVD.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel fuel additive for use in fuels to substantially reduce IVD and not contribute to increases in combustion chamber deposits in port fuel injected engines.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a novel fuel additive for use in gasoline to substantially reduce IVD and not contribute to increases in combustion chamber deposits in port fuel injected engines.
Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will be obvious from the description or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
To achieve the foregoing objects and in accordance with the purpose of the invention as embodied and broadly described herein, the fuel additive composition of the present invention comprises (A) at least one amine, said at least one amine having at least one polyolefin group and (B) at least one polyetheramine. These compositions are useful as fuel additives for reducing intake valve deposits. In addition, these compositions do not contribute to an increase in combustion chamber deposits in port fuel injected internal combustion engines.
In another aspect of the present invention, a concentrate and fuel compositions containing the foregoing fuel additive compositions is disclosed.
In still another aspect of the present invention, a method for reducing intake valve deposits in an internal combustion engine utilizing the fuel additive of the present invention is disclosed.
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As used herein, the term “hydrocarbyl substituent” or “hydrocarbyl group” is used in its ordinary sense, which is well-known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, it refers to a group having a carbon atom directly attached to the remainder of the molecule and having predominantly hydrocarbon character. Examples of hydrocarbyl groups include:
(1) hydrocarbon substituents, that is, aliphatic (e.g., alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (e.g., cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl) substituents, and aromatic-, aliphatic-, and alicyclic-substituted aromatic substituents, as well as cyclic substituents wherein the ring is completed through another portion of the molecule (e.g., two substituents together form a ring);
(2) substituted hydrocarbon substituents, that is, substituents containing non-hydrocarbon groups which, in the context of this invention, do not alter the predominantly hydrocarbon substituent (e.g., halo (especially chloro and fluoro), hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylmercapto, nitro, nitroso, and sulfoxy);
(3) hetero substituents, that is, substituents which, while having a predominantly hydrocarbon character, in the context of this invention, contain other than carbon in a ring or chain otherwise composed of carbon atoms. Heteroatoms include sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and encompass substituents as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl. In general, no more than two, preferably no more than one, non-hydrocarbon substituent will be present for every ten carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group; typically, there will be no non-hydrocarbon substituents in the hydrocarbyl group.
The Fuel Additive
The fuel additive composition of the present invention comprises) at least one amine, wherein said at least one amine contains at least one polyolefin group; and at least one polyetheramine.
The amine (A)
The amine (A) comprises at least one polyolefin group. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amine (A) is derived from an olefin polymer which may be prepared by a variety of methods. Typical methods for preparing Amine (A) comprise:
(1) reacting a halogenated olefin polymer with an amine, (See U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,275,554; 3,438,757; 3,454,555; 3,565,804; 3,755,433; and 3,822,289 herein incorporated by reference);
(2) reacting a hydroformylated olefin with a polyamine and hydrogenating the reaction product (See U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,567,845 and 5,496,383 herein incorporated
Arters David
Daly Daniel T.
Jackson Mitchell M.
Esposito Michael F.
Howard Jacqueline V.
The Lubrizol Corporation
LandOfFree
Fuel additives and fuel compositions comprising said fuel... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Fuel additives and fuel compositions comprising said fuel..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Fuel additives and fuel compositions comprising said fuel... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2574706