Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Aromatic compound synthesis – By condensation of entire molecules or entire hydrocarbyl...
Patent
1988-01-29
1990-03-27
McFarlane, Anthony
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Aromatic compound synthesis
By condensation of entire molecules or entire hydrocarbyl...
585469, 585641, 585642, 585732, 585733, C07C 500
Patent
active
049122789
ABSTRACT:
Compositions containing sulfuric acid and one or more of certain chalcogen-containing compounds in which the chalcogen compound/H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 molar ratio is below 2 contain the mono-adduct of sulfuric acid which is catalytically active for promoting organic chemical reactions. Suitable chalcogen-containing compounds have the empirical formula ##STR1## wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is independently selected from hydrogen, NR.sub.3 R.sub.4, and NR.sub.5, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is other than hydrogen, each of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a monovalent organic radical, and R.sub.5 is a divalent organic radical. Such compositions are useful for catalyzing organic reactions such as oxidation, oxidative addition, reduction, reductive addition, esterification, transesterification, hydrogenation, isomerication (including racemization of optical isomers), alkylation, polymerization, demetallization of organometallics, nitration, Friedel-Crafts reactions, and hydrolysis. Novel catalysts are disclosed which involve combinations of the chalcogen compound-sulfuric compositions with one or more transition metal halides and/or with one or more surfactants. The surfactant-containing compositions are particularly useful for the treatment of materials containing lipophilic substances. Novel compositions containing a chalcogen compound-sulfuric acid component and one or more organic reactants are also disclosed.
REFERENCES:
patent: Re1995 (1865-06-01), Hoffman
patent: 1340708 (1920-05-01), Fjellanger
patent: 1878852 (1932-09-01), Hoppler
patent: 1917539 (1933-07-01), Miles
patent: 1919623 (1933-07-01), Dreyfus
patent: 2276251 (1942-03-01), Morrell
patent: 2767108 (1956-10-01), Fetzer
patent: 2978359 (1961-04-01), Wedell
patent: 3432482 (1969-03-01), Ohfuka et al.
patent: 3558530 (1971-01-01), Schroeder et al.
patent: 3660070 (1972-05-01), Maruta et al.
patent: 3778431 (1973-12-01), Knightlinger
patent: 3816375 (1974-06-01), Bozer et al.
patent: 3873734 (1975-03-01), Higgins et al.
patent: 3878304 (1975-04-01), Moore
patent: 3918952 (1975-11-01), Neumiller
patent: 3931350 (1976-01-01), Sparks
patent: 4112008 (1978-09-01), Marcilly
patent: 4116664 (1978-09-01), Jones
patent: 4214888 (1980-07-01), Young
patent: 4310343 (1985-01-01), Verdegaal et al.
patent: 4315763 (1982-02-01), Stoller et al.
patent: 4316997 (1982-02-01), Vaughan
patent: 4397675 (1983-08-01), Young
patent: 4402852 (1983-09-01), Young
patent: 4404116 (1983-09-01), Young
patent: 4439348 (1984-03-01), Akerberg
patent: 4445925 (1984-05-01), Young
patent: 4447253 (1984-05-01), Young
patent: 4451577 (1984-05-01), Coss
patent: 4474925 (1984-10-01), Sartoretto et al.
patent: 4512813 (1985-04-01), Young
patent: 4522644 (1985-06-01), Young
patent: 4544794 (1985-10-01), Miller et al.
patent: 4586017 (1987-08-01), Young
patent: 4589925 (1986-05-01), Young
patent: 4626417 (1986-12-01), Young
patent: 4650918 (1987-03-01), Miller et al.
patent: 4664717 (1987-05-01), Young
patent: 4673522 (1987-06-01), Young
patent: 4722986 (1988-02-01), Young
patent: 4743669 (1988-05-01), Young
patent: 4755265 (1988-07-01), Young
Science News, vol. 123, No. 23, Jun. 4, 1983, p. 366, Science Service, Inc., 1719 N Street, N.W., Washington, D.C., "Cellulose Digestion", by Lab Bacteria.
The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Seventh Edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1969, p. 908.
D. F. duToit, Verslag Akad. Wetenschappen, 22 5/3-4 (abstracted in Chemical Abstracts, 8, 2346 (1914)).
L. H. Dalman, "Ternary Systems of Urea and Acids, I, Urea, Nitric Acid and Water, II, Urea, Sulfuric Acid and Water, III, Urea, Oxalic Acid and Water", JACS 56, 549-553 (1934).
Sulfur Institute Bulletin No. 10 (1964), "Adding Plant Nutrient Sulfur to Fertilizer".
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1980, vol. 5, pp. 31-33 and 55-61, vol. 9, pp. 291-374, vol. 11, pp. 295-300, 662-665 and 694-695, and vol. 12, pp. 852-857 and 867-869.
"Organic Chemistry of Bivalent Sulfur," Chemical Publishing Co., 1962, pp. 14, 15, 94 and 95.
"The Chemistry of Carboxylic Acids and Esters," Interscience Publishers, 1969, pp. 732-759.
Laird Michael H.
McFarlane Anthony
Union Oil Company of California
Wirzbicki Gregory F.
LandOfFree
Friedel-Crafts reactions does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Friedel-Crafts reactions, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Friedel-Crafts reactions will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1652403