Metal fusion bonding – Including means to provide heat by friction between...
Patent
1989-03-22
1990-03-06
Ramsey, Kenneth J.
Metal fusion bonding
Including means to provide heat by friction between...
B23K 2012
Patent
active
049058835
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to friction welding apparatus.
In one method of generating heat for friction welding two workpieces together, a first one of the workpieces is caused to reciprocate while in contact with the other, or second, of the workpieces, the first and second workpieces being pressed together so that frictional heat is generated between them.
When sufficient heat has been generated to enable welding to be effected, relative reciprocatory movement between the workpieces is caused to cease and the workpieces are pressed together so that they become welded together. It is usual for the second workpiece to remain stationary, or substantially stationary, during the generation of frictional heat. In the description of the present invention that follows, it will be assumed that the second workpiece does indeed remain stationary, or substantially so; nevertheless it is to be understood that in making use of the invention the second workpiece may also be caused to reciprocate, or may be caused to move in some other manner, relative to the first workpiece during the generation of frictional heat.
Difficulties can arise in designing mechanism for causing reciprocation of the first workpiece. The difficulties can be particularly severe when the workpieces to be welded together are made of metal and have to be raised to a relatively high temperature before welding can be effected. Difficulties may arise, for example, from the fact that the first workpiece must be caused to reciprocate rapidly, typical rates of reciprocation being between 1000 and 6000 reciprocations per minute; each reciprocation is considered to be a complete cycle of movement, so that if, for example, the reciprocation is of simple harmonic form, each reciprocation is a full 360.degree. movement. Difficulties may also arise from the fact that the frictional resistance forces that must be overcome are not only relatively high, being typically between 50 and 100 tonnes, but also vary during the frictional generation of heat, and from the fact that the relative movement between the workpieces must be stopped rapidly when the required temperature has been reached and usually the workpieces must then be located in predetermined relative positions before they are welded together.
One aim of the present invention is to enable at least some of those difficulties to be reduced or overcome.
From a first aspect the present invention consists in apparatus for use in friction welding comprising mechanism comprising driven means operative in use to cause reciprocation of a first workpiece relative to a second workpiece such as will lead to the generation of frictional heat between the workpiece, a first drive operative to generate reciprocatory motion and a second drive operative to generate reciprocatory motion of the same frequency as that of the first drive, adjustment means operative to enable the relative phase of the first and second drives to be adjusted while said drives are in use, and integrating means operative to produce reciprocatory motion of said driven means which is a function of the reciprocatory motions of the first and second drives and of which the amplitude can be reduced to zero by appropriate adjustment of the adjustment means, the integrating means comprising a rockable linking body, the first drive being coupled by first coupling means to a first part of the linking body, and the second drive being coupled by second coupling means to a second part of the linking body, spaced from said first part, and said driven means being coupled to a third part of the linking body, spaced from said first and second parts thereof.
The reciprocatory movement of each of the drives is preferably simple harmonic movement so that reciprocatory movement of the driven means is also of simple harmonic form or approximately of simple harmonic form, being the sum of simple harmonic reciprocations of the same frequency.
In carrying out friction welding it is usually desirable, and indeed often essential, for the first and second workpieces to be brough
REFERENCES:
patent: 3542275 (1970-11-01), Loyd et al.
patent: 3777967 (1973-12-01), Searle et al.
Allwood, Searle & Timney (Holdings) Limited
Ramsey Kenneth J.
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