Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Solid anti-friction device – article or material therefor
Reexamination Certificate
2001-08-10
2003-07-15
McAvoy, Ellen M. (Department: 1764)
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Solid anti-friction device, article or material therefor
C106S002000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06593280
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a friction reducing coating for engineering works, and, a soil adhesion-preventing sheet pile or steel tubular pipe with the same applied thereto and a soil adhesion-preventing construction method, a negative friction cut construction method, caisson construction method or pipe jacking construction method using the same.
More particularly, it relates to a friction reducing coating for engineering works which, when applied in advance to steel materials for temporary works to be extracted and recovered after completion of the works, such as sheet piles frequently utilized in underground excavation, underground foundation structure laying and the like utilizing shoring walls, prevents soil from adhering to the steel materials for temporary work after extraction, to a soil adhesion-preventing sheet pile and a soil adhesion-preventing steel tubular pipe, each coated in advance with the friction reducing coating for engineering works, and to a soil adhesion-preventing construction method which comprises using the friction reducing coating for engineering works and/or the soil adhesion-preventing sheet pile or steel tubular pipe.
It also relates to a friction reducing coating for engineering works which, when applied in advance to substrates, such as various tanks, water storage tanks and so forth, in applying a caisson construction method for laying such substrates underground in laying various foundation structures underground or, when applied in advance to such substrates as various Hume pipes, steel pipes or steel pipe piles in applying a pipe jacking construction method for laying such substrates underground (horizontally or vertically), reduces the friction between the various foundation structures and the ground, prevents the foundation structures from being damaged due to ground subsidence or changes in surrounding ground conditions and reduces the friction between the substrate surface and the soil to thereby make it easy to lay the substrates underground (speedup of laying, reduction in pushing force, etc.), and to a negative friction cut construction method, caisson construction method or pipe jacking construction method for laying foundation structures which uses the above-mentioned friction reducing coating for engineering works.
In the present invention, the term of “engineering works” especially relates to “constructional engineering works” which means all types of constructional (erecting of buildings, parts of buildings and the like) work beneath the soil surface, such as placing and fastening substrates in the underground (soil). The term of “a negative friction” means the friction between the structure laid underground and the surrounding ground (soil) and by which the structure are damaged in case of the ground subsidence in the surrounding, for instance. The term of “a negative friction cut construction method” means that a building method wherein at least one substrate or part of a substrate is placed and fastened in the underground in a manner wherein the friction between the substrate surface and the soil material of the underground is reduced.
BACKGROUND ART
In foundation and like works in the field of construction and engineering works (civil engineering), it has been earnestly desired that the equipment, expenses and days required for the works be curtailed to thereby improve the work efficiency and that such troubles as damages to the foundation structures laid in the ground, which require much labor for repair or restoration, be prevented from occurring. If improvements are achieved in these aspects, it will become possible to curtail the foundation work cost and finish the works speedily.
In such and like foundation works, the art has so far encountered the problem that soil in the ground adheres to and is carried by temporary work steel materials such as sheet piles frequently used in underground excavation, underground foundation structure laying and the like utilizing shoring walls when those steel materials are extracted and recovered.
Such recovered temporary work steel materials (e.g. sheet piles) with soil adhering thereto produce problems, for example {circle around (1)} they create voids in the ground, hence the ground may be distorted and ground subsidence or the like may occur, possibly resulting in damages to the neighboring structures, {circle around (2)} much labor and cost are required to backfill for preventing the troubles mentioned above under {circle around (1)}, {circle around (3)} the steel materials after recovery can hardly be piled up in parallel, so that temporary storage thereof after recovery becomes difficult and {circle around (4)} since it is a precondition that such temporary work steel materials are reused after recovery, it is necessary for a constructor to pay the cost of washing if soil remains sticking to the temporary work steel materials when these are returned to a leasing company. Under the existing circumstances, it is therefore a general practice for a constructor to remove the adhering soil manually or pay high washing expenses to a leasing company.
To solve these problems, such technologies as mentioned below have so far been proposed.
First, JP Kokai Publication Hei-06-71241 proposes a mud-removing line (equipment) for sheet piles which comprises {circle around (1)} a mud removing apparatus, {circle around (2)} an earth discharging apparatus and {circle around (3)} a water washing apparatus and JP Kokai Publication Hei-06-330521 proposes {circle around (1)} an apparatus for removing earth and sand from sheet pile sections which comprises a rotary section for a wound wire and an air spraying section. However, both fail to essentially solve the soil adhesion problem since {circle around (1)} both require the installation of novel apparatus and {circle around (2)} the soil removing work itself is still necessary although the efficiency of the sticking soil removing work may be improved.
In JP Kokoku Publication Sho-61-47253, JP Kokai Publication Sho-60-175628 and JP Kokai Publication Hei-03-279516, it is proposed that a sticking soil scraper matched to the shape of sheet piles be buried adjacently thereto after excavation but before pile extraction so that the buried pipes and the like may be prevented from being deformed by the soil adhering to the sheet piles when these are extracted.
However, this method has problems, for example {circle around (1)} the soil remaining in the gap between the scraper and sheet pile cannot be prevented from sticking to the piles, {circle around (2)} the soil adhesion above the scraper cannot be prevented from sticking to the piles since the scraper is buried relatively lower and {circle around (3)} time and labor are required for making and placing the scraper matched to the shape of sheet piles.
JP Kokai Publication Hei-03-244711 discloses a method of preventing ground subsidence by extraction of shoring members which comprises filling a solidifying pourable material into voids formed upon extraction of the shoring members. However, this method according to which a roughly U-shaped thin sheet is attached to each shoring member at its lower end and left in the ground when that member is extracted and a solidifying pourable material is poured into the voids after extraction to thereby prevent ground subsidence still has room for contrivance for producing such effects more simply, for example by applying a coating to the surface of temporary work steel materials or the like in advance.
JP Kokai Publication Hei-06-71241 discloses a method of removing mud from sheet piles which comprises piling up and supporting a large number of sheet piles with a U-shaped section with the opening side above at a level higher than a treatment line, allowing the lowest stage sheet pile to fall and feeding the same in the lengthwise direction, cutting off and removing the adhering mud from the internal circumference surface and external circumference surface during feeding, then washing the internal and external surfaces by spraying with a washing liqu
Hattori Akira
Matsunaga Toshiaki
Murakami Yohei
McAvoy Ellen M.
Nippon Shokubai Co. , Ltd.
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