192 clutches and power-stop control – Elements – Engaging surfaces
Patent
1983-02-03
1986-10-21
Bonck, Rodney H.
192 clutches and power-stop control
Elements
Engaging surfaces
192 53F, F16D 6902
Patent
active
046180494
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to friction partners for lubricated friction couplings in which at least two surface are connected by frictional engagement, especially for synchronizing devices for positively-locking gear-shift couplings that consist of at least one synchronizing ring, and an equalizing ring assigned thereto, as friction partners.
The invention will be described in the following using a synchronizing device as an example, since synchronising devices in positively-locking gear-shift couplings, for example in motor vehicle gear-boxes, are subject to special demands. The use of the friction partners is not, however, limited to synchronizing devices.
In the case of synchronised speed-change or reversing gears in motor vehicles, when changing gear the gear wheel running freely on the shaft is brought into synchronization with the shaft by the axial pressing of a synchronizing ring against an equalizing ring that is assigned to the gear wheel, the transmission of the forces and moments from a sliding sleeve, which is connected to the shaft in such a manner that the sleeve is axially displaceable on but rotates with the shaft, to the synchronizing ring being effected by way of axial or radial blocking and/or dog teeth. The gear wheel is then connected in positively-locking manner to the shaft by axial displacement of the sliding sleeve which then engages in dog teeth on the equalizing ring. The equalising ring carrying the dog teeth can be formed directly on the gear wheel or alternatively can be connected to the gear wheel by a positively-locking connection and/or a frictional connection and/or a bonded or welded connection. In order to obtain synchrony between the synchronizing ring and the gear wheel, the synchronizing ring has externally conical or internally conical friction surfaces which, on axial contact of the synchronizing ring, come into contact with corresponding complementary surfaces on the equalizing ring and, as a result of the frictional connection that occurs, produce the synchrony necessary for completing the positively-locking coupling. These friction surfaces are termed friction partners in the present invention. It therefore concerns the pairing of two different materials that produce friction in contact with one another.
The construction and function are analogous in the case of synchronizing shaft couplings. The equalizing ring carrying the dog teeth is in this case arranged axially at the end of a shaft to rotate with the shaft, whilst the synchronizing ring is for its part connected to the second shaft by way of the sliding sleeve in such a manner that the synchronizing ring is axially displaceable on but rotates with the second shaft. If the two shafts are coupled to one another in a positively-locking manner, first the sliding sleeve and, therewith, the synchronizing ring are displaced axially on one shaft until, by means of the cone coupling, synchrony is obtained between the synchronizing ring and the equalising ring and, therefore, between the two shafts. The sliding sleeve is then brought into engagement with the dog teeth of the equalising ring.
By appropriately constructing the dog teeth on the synchronizing ring and the sliding sleeve, for example by axially sharpening the teeth so that they have suitable apical angles, it is possible for these to act also as blocking teeth and to prevent a positively-locking coupling being effected before synchrony is achieved.
The service life of such a synchronizing device and the quality of the synchronizing operations is substantially dependent upon the frictional properties of the cone coupling. Several proposals have already been made for obtaining frictional properties that are as good as possible. For example, it is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 27 44 994 to manufacture the synchronizing ring from metal or plastics material and to glue to the surface forming the coupling cone of the synchronizing ring a friction lining of an organically based friction material, especially a friction lining manufactured on a paper basis. B
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Pflaum Hermann
Vojacek Herbert
Bonck Rodney H.
Feldmuhle Aktiengesellschaft
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