Brakes – Elements – Shoes
Patent
1990-12-06
1992-11-17
Marmor, Charles A.
Brakes
Elements
Shoes
188251M, 188218XL, 192107R, F16D 6900
Patent
active
051635267
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INVENTION
The invention relates to friction pairs of machine units and particularly to a friction element of a friction pair.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
U.S. Pat. No. 3,773,153 discloses a fabricated friction disk in which the outer parts are manufactured of steel and the core is made of corrugated aluminum plates.
The manufacture of disk outer parts from steel, with the same physical and mechanical properties over the entire friction surfaces, does not ensure uniform resistance to the destruction of different zones of the friction surfaces under the action of high temperature and mechanical stresses. Furthermore the use of steel in disk outer parts does not aid in damping oscillations and eliminating rattling during braking, the factors which adversely affect the serviceability of the unit.
From P. I. Orlov, "Fundamentals of Design", Reference handbook, Book 1, 1988, p. 131, it is known that the low strength and rigidity of light alloys prevent their use in support structures. For example, rolling bearings built in units made of light alloys are recommended to be mounted with the use of intermediate steel sleeves.
However, employment of reinforcing sleeves requires the increased expenditure of materials, increases the weight of construction and does not ensure optimum carrying capacity of the friction surface, tightness of the joint and resistance of the bearing to pressing out forces, thus reducing the service life of the friction disk.
SU, A,846875 discloses a friction element of a friction pair, which is essentially a brake disk comprising a three-dimensional framework, embedded in a matrix made from a material with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity. Each of the friction face surfaces of the disk is coated with a layer of wear-resistant material.
In the course of braking, heat is generated, which is removed from the disk friction surfaces by means of a liquid heat-transfer agent circulating in the framework.
However, since the load and heat stresses acting upon the friction surfaces in different zones are not uniform, and the properties of the friction material are the same over the friction surfaces, it is impossible to ensure uniform resistance to the destruction of different zones of the friction surfaces and to avoid rattling which results in premature failure of the disk.
Wear-resistant coating applied to the friction surfaces of the disk does not ensure their optimum carrying capacity.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a friction element of a friction pair that will assure uniform resistance to the destruction of different zones of the friction surface, in the course of operation, in conjunction with the optimum carrying capacity.
This object is attained by a friction element of a friction pair comprising a three-dimensional framework embedded in a matrix made from a material with a high heat conductivity coefficient, and a friction surface. According to the present invention, the framework is manufactured from a wear-resistant material, and is positioned at least in the zone of the friction surface having regular microrelief formed by the matrix and the framework face rising above the surface of the matrix.
The friction pair surfaces come in contact at the most rising parts. In the friction element these parts are the portions of the framework, which rise above the matrix, and since they are arranged discretely and regularly over the friction surface, the latter corresponds to the actual area of the contacting surfaces. All this results in minimum expenditure of wear-resistant material and consequently makes the friction element inexpensive to manufacture.
In addition, the design of the friction element improves the total rigidity and strength of the structure and reduces its mass.
Since the friction surface of the friction element is formed partially by the matrix made from a material with a high heat conductivity coefficient, the effectiveness of heat removal from the friction surface is improved, thus contributing
REFERENCES:
patent: 3429766 (1969-02-01), Stormfelz
patent: 3773153 (1973-11-01), Smirl
patent: 3841949 (1974-10-01), Black
patent: 4042085 (1977-08-01), Bjerk et al.
patent: 4187932 (1980-02-01), Zarembka
patent: 4278153 (1981-07-01), Venkatu
patent: 4501347 (1985-02-01), Cerny et al.
patent: 4995500 (1991-02-01), Payvar
Fundamentals of Design, 1988 Article.
Boguslaev Vyacheslav A.
Khupovka Viktor P.
Kravchun Stepan I.
Lebedenko Sergei S.
Morgun Vladimir V.
Marmor Charles A.
Mattix Carla
Zaporozhsky Avtomobilny Zavod "Kommunar" (Proizvodstvennoe Obied
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