Signals and indicators – Indicators – Temperature responsive or compensating means
Patent
1978-07-03
1980-03-04
Swisher, S. Clement
Signals and indicators
Indicators
Temperature responsive or compensating means
252408, G01K 1108, G01K 1112, G01K 1114
Patent
active
041911253
ABSTRACT:
There is provided a freeze indicator which includes a frangible ampule substantially filled with a mixture of water, a nucleating agent, and a surfactant. Upon reaching the freezing point of water, most of the water will freeze and expand, and fracture the frangible ampule. The nucleating agent has substantially similar molecular space grouping to frozen liquid to overcome the undercooling effect. The surfactant provides an increased surface area of contact between the water and the nucleating agent. The frangible ampule is in contact with a pad which has a water soluable dye printed on one side. When the ampule breaks, it releases some of the water, and the dye is wicked to one side of the pad by the water, showing a color change. In order to fine-tune the freeze indicator, varying amounts of deuterium oxide may be added to the water to raise its freezing point.
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patent: 2903188 (1959-09-01), Hutchinson
patent: 3055759 (1962-09-01), Busby
patent: 3056556 (1962-10-01), Sanger
patent: 3127107 (1964-03-01), Merryweather
patent: 3414415 (1968-12-01), Broad
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patent: 3980581 (1976-09-01), Godsey
patent: 4145918 (1979-03-01), Couch
Akzona Incorporated
Carter David M.
Corr Denis E.
Swisher S. Clement
Young Francis W.
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