Static molds – In situ construction engineering type or building type-mold... – Forming building structure
Reexamination Certificate
1999-08-09
2001-11-27
Callo, Laura A. (Department: 3635)
Static molds
In situ construction engineering type or building type-mold...
Forming building structure
C249S047000, C249S191000, C249S192000, C249S194000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06322043
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to formwork system in accordance with preamble to the claims.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Existing formwork systems are based on a frame system having form braces through the element joints, which in terms of strength provide an unfavourable frame structure. Further, it is a disadvantage that non uniform spacing of braces requires that opposite panels in a wall formwork must be of equal size, and that non uniform wall thickness must be met by non uniform panels sizes. This means in practice that this type of formwork must comprise many different panel sizes in order to satisfy the need for length, hight and corner matchings.
There is therefore still a need to provide better, more efficient and more profitable systems that will also permit greater freedom with respect to the design of concrete constructions.
It is desired, with more freedom than at present, to be able to fashion inside to cast concrete in such a way that it may be used in constructions that are now being made inn other materials. The needs, requirements and desires for more interesting fashioning or constructions than what is possible with the present technique for incisal casting, also effects the development of new formwork systems.
Flexibility is a result of, among other things, that the formwork may be easily combined with conventional formwork on all sides, and that in addition, an internal corner member may be adapted for rounded corners or sloping walls with a corner break, all with varying angles.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
With the formwork system according to the present invention, however, are the above mentioned drawbacks and limitations eliminated, and in addition are further advantages obtained. This is achieved with the formwork system according to the present invention as it is described with the features set forth in the claims.
The formwork system according to the invention makes possible a new and more rational method of building, among other things, because corner formwork easily may be combined with a throughgoing joint reinforcement in two directions, which is a considerably more rational way of building because a building work easier can be adapted in greater casting stages, which may be important for an over all building project. It is, for example, advantageous to be able to complete the formwork for all rooms at a time.
The formwork system according to the invention provides a system with modular panels and modular brace holes that are connected in brace with three layers of crossing profiles, where two of the layers are horizontal. The first layer comprises channel profiles spaced in two modules, the second layer comprises V-profiles spaces in one module, and the third layer comprises H-profiles in two module spaces. All profiles are crossing over modular brace holes.
With the modular system one achieves like distance horizontally and vertically, so that the profiles can be used according to choice or needs. As the formwork has modular horizontal brace distance, it can be made with like pressure against all the braces, independent of the vertical panel joints. It is further achieved that opposite panels can be made with uneven size, that four or six module long H-pads (pairs) may be brace mounted with two module space in height or length, independent of the panel size. Panel joints have the same strength regardless of whether the pads are laid one, two or three modules over the joints. One has further achieved like brace distance horizontally and vertically so that H-pads also can be used at V-pads. Further, all panel sizes may be used as internal corner panel.
Calculations show that two module brace spacings two ways combined with half a module up to the lower brace row provide a favourable load distribution at high casting pressure in that equal load on the upper and lower brace rows are obtained with a filling hight of about 3.2 m (liquid pressure). In addition, the formwork has the advantage of having equal brace distance two ways at great hights. The advantage with half a module up to the lower brace row is that a one module wide panel then can be mounted with a modular brace distance both in height and side.
Because the standard H-pad has a length adapted to two or three spans of two modules each, it must lie over four or six vertical V-profiles. The H-pad's free ends over the V-pad amounts to maximum one module and half a module to each side. With a three layer bracing where of two of the layers are horizontal, the H-pad can be moved horizontal, corresponding to the pad's free ends, and have no effect regarding the pad's strength or load distribution. This condition, namely a movable pad with the respect to the panel and the movable panel with the respect to the H-pad, is utilized according to the invention for bracing of an outside corner panel and for bracing of an in-lay partial panel.
With the new corner solution, one can avoid the traditional stiff legged corner panel inside, besides achieving the following advantages. Because the load on the outside corner panel is transferred to the inside corner lock via corner braces, there is no need for a panel lock through the outside formwork. Inside corner panel can be adapted to sloping wall with a corner break or with a curved corner. One achieves a simple adaption of various wall thicknesses and various angles. Further, reinforcement can easily be brought through the outside corner panel, straight ahead or out to the side. Inside measurements will then be matched to the formwork modular basic measurements, and this can advantageously be used as a buildings main measurement.
REFERENCES:
patent: 1552885 (1925-09-01), Seat
patent: 3163911 (1965-01-01), Kenney
patent: 3327987 (1967-06-01), Muller
patent: 3687411 (1972-08-01), Frazier
patent: 3815862 (1974-06-01), Williams
patent: 4147322 (1979-04-01), Dahlstrom
patent: 5537797 (1996-07-01), Harkenrider et al.
patent: 0 062 420 (1982-10-01), None
patent: WO 95/14837 (1995-06-01), None
Callo Laura A.
Pitney Hardin Kipp & Szuch LLP
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