Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Carbohydrate doai
Patent
1998-08-12
2000-10-10
Henley, III, Raymond
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Carbohydrate doai
A61K 3170
Patent
active
061302082
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition suitable for freeze-drying and a process for the preparation of the composition.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Freeze drying is a well known process used to prepare storage stable compositions of pharmaceutical compounds which otherwise suffer degradation when stored in the presence of water, for example, because of disproportionation and/or hydrolysis. Examples of such pharmaceutical compounds include nucleotides. The problem is that freeze drying does not remove all the water from a composition containing such a pharmaceutical compound. The water which remains after freeze drying may destabilise the composition during storage.
Accordingly there is a need for compositions of pharmaceutical compounds such as nucleotides which when freeze dried are stable to long term storage.
SUMMARY OPF THE INVENTION
According to the invention there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising a nucleotide analogue and one or more glass forming additives.
A nucleotide is a compound comprising a purine or pyrimidine base attached to a pentosugar wherein one or more of the hydroxy groups of the pentosugar are phosphorylated by a mono- or polyphosphate. A nucleotide analogue for use in the invention is in general a compound in which one or more of the three moieties of which a nucleotide is comprised is modified, for example, by attachment of one or more substituents and/or by replacement of one or more of the skeletal atoms.
The nucleotide used in the invention is preferably a compound disclosed in WO 94/18216 which is a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent hydrogen or halogen, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represent phenyl, or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from OR.sup.5, C.sub.1-6 -alkylthio, NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, phenyl, COOR.sup.8 and halogen, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, and thereof.
Compounds of formula (I) may exist in tautomeric, enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms, all of which are included within the scope of the invention.
Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) include alkali metal salts, e.g. sodium and potassium salts; alkaline earth metal salts, e.g. calcium and magnesium salts; salts of the Group III elements, e.g. aluminium salts; and ammonium salts. Salts with suitable organic bases, for example, salts with hydroxylamine; lower alkylamines, e.g. methylamine or ethylamine; with substituted lower alkylamines, e.g. hydroxysubstituted alkylamines; or with monocyclic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, e.g. piperidine or morpholine; and salts with amino acids, e.g. with arginine, lysine etc, or an N-alkyl derivative thereof; or with an aminosugar, e.g. N-methyl-D-glucamine or glucosamine. The non-toxic physiologically acceptable salts are preferred, although other salts are also useful, e.g. in isolating or purifying the product.
Alkyl groups in the definitions of compounds of formula (I) include straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups.
Halogens which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may represent include F, Cl, Br and I. Preferably R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same and more preferably represent chloro.
Preferably R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent C.sub.1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from OR.sup.5, C.sub.1-6 -alkylthio, NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, phenyl, COOR.sup.8 and halogen. Halogens with which R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be substituted include F, Cl, Br and I, and especially fluoro.
Particularly preferred are compounds in which R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted by C.sub.1-6 -alkylthio. Particular alkyl groups that R.sup.3 may represent include ethyl, propyl and butyl, and especially ethyl. Particular substituted alkyl groups that R.sup.3 may represent include 2-(methylthio)ethyl.
Preferably R.sup.4 represents C.sub.1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted by one or more, e.g. three, halogen atoms. Particular groups that R.sup.4 may represent include pro
REFERENCES:
WPIDS accession No. 83-57281, Iatron Laboratories: "Adenosine tri phosphate stablisation--by adding mono saccharide or polysaccharide to ATP soln. And freeze-drying" & JP,A,58074696, 830506*.
Derwent Abstract No. 89-645596; Japanese Patent No. 1,288,915A (Daussan & Cie).
AstraZeneca UK Limited
Henley III Raymond
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