Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Whole live micro-organism – cell – or virus containing – Intentional mixture of two or more micro-organisms – cells,...
Patent
1994-07-13
1998-02-17
Lilling, Herbert J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Whole live micro-organism, cell, or virus containing
Intentional mixture of two or more micro-organisms, cells,...
424 9345, 435 42, A61K 3574, A23K 116
Patent
active
057188947
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a formulation of microorganisms suitable for administration to an animal, for therapeutic purposes or to promote growth, weight gain or another desirable aim in commercial livestock.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the production and growth of all animals, it is possible to identify periods of vulnerability to infection of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), e.g. parturition and weaning, and other periods of a traumatic nature that are generally referred to as "stress". During these periods of change, the first manifestation of deleterious effects occurring is usually a loosening of bowel function and diarrhoea. In extreme cases, such symptoms can lead to the onset of dehydration, and ultimately death. The effect of sub-acute infections is a marked check in the animals' growth, that can even lead to a loss in weight.
In the wild, although the periods of "stress" occur, they prove less traumatic, as seen by the reduced occurrence of the symptoms described above. By contrast, under conditions of normal and intensive husbandry, the effects of "stress" may be both intensified and prolonged, and additional traumas such as maternal separation, transport, human handling and unusual environments may be introduced.
In current practice of intensive husbandry in pigs, antibiotics such as tylosin are added to the animal feed to prevent or reduce GIT infections. Growth of the animals is thus promoted, when compared with untreated controls, by preventing the onset of the debilitating effects of the GIT infections. The addition of copper to the feed is also common practice, but the mechanism of action is uncertain. It has however been shown that the presence of copper, under certain conditions, can lead to the production of H.sub.2 O.sub.2, which is also produced by the action of bacteria in the GIT.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A novel formulation of microorganisms, according to the present invention, is both capable of producing lactic acid in the GIT and also of producing (directly or indirectly. in situ), a bactericide to which the microorganisms in the formulation are resistant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The microorganisms in the novel formulation severally and collectively produce compounds and enzymes that encourage the establishment of a predominant and benign flora in the GIT of mammalian, avian and piscine species. The establishment of such a flora prevents the onset of those gastrointestinal diseases caused by the establishment of an alternative and deleterious flora in the intestine.
The mode of action of these bacteria is to produce antimicrobial enzymes, bactericides and bacteriostats which prevent the establishment of bacteria other than those administered. This by contrast to the disadvantages associated with current techniques for achieving the same aims, i.e. by using a combination of aseptic husbandry with the addition of antibiotics and high concentrations of copper to animal feeds.
The principles described herein are applicable to a wide variety of animal species and commercial practices. The establishment of appropriate benign flora may be considered in the GIT of many animals that are used for the commercial production of meat, milk and fish. In addition, since an object of the invention is to improve the health and well-being of animals in general, its use and applicability can be extended to draught animals, companion animals and humans.
A first microorganism in the novel formulation has the capability of producing lactic acid in the GIT. This microorganism is, for example, of the genus Lactobacillus or Enterococcus. Either or both genera may be used; they are distinguished by their ability to utilise sugars such as glucose or lactose or, in the case of Enterococcus, to utilise starch, to produce lactic acid and thus reduce the local pH. The choice of microorganism will depend on the locus at which it is desired to give the desired effect; for example, microorganisms of the genus Lactobacillus produce lactic acid at a more acid pH than those
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Biotal Ltd.
Lilling Herbert J.
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