Formation of carbon-containing material

Coating processes – Nonuniform coating

Reexamination Certificate

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C427S408000, C427S561000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07964242

ABSTRACT:
A method includes forming ionic clusters of carbon-containing molecules, which molecules have carbon-carbon sp2bonds, and accelerating the clusters. A surface of a substrate is irradiated with the clusters. A material is formed on the surface using the carbon from the molecules. The material includes carbon and may optionally include hydrogen. The material may include graphene. The material may form a monolayer. The molecules may include one or more material selected from the group consisting of graphene, carbon allotropes, ethylene, and hydrocarbon molecules containing ethylenic moieties. A fused region may be formed in the substrate as an interface between the substrate and the material. The clusters may have diameters of at least 20 nanometers and may be accelerated to an energy of at least 0.5 keV.

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