Expansible chamber devices – With force exerting means to move fluid from non-working...
Patent
1992-01-02
1993-07-20
Denion, Thomas E.
Expansible chamber devices
With force exerting means to move fluid from non-working...
92 82, 92181P, 384 12, 384 99, F15B 2104
Patent
active
052283780
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Rams operable by fluid pressure are employed in many industrial applications in order to apply a force, usually between a rigid foundation and a load plate. The ram consists basically of a piston displaceable in a cylinder with a part projecting from one end of the cylinder and, in use, either the cylinder bears against a rigid foundation and the piston is displaced to apply force to the load plate, or the piston bears against the rigid foundation and the cylinder is displaceable to apply a force against the load plate. In some applications it is desirable to slide the load plate relative to the part of the ram against which it abuts. This is usually impossible to attain once pressure has been applied to the ram.
According to the present invention, a force applicator comprises a ram having a cylinder, a piston displaceable in the cylinder with a part projecting from one end of the cylinder, and means for introducing fluid under pressure into the cylinder to displace the piston; and a pressure pad abutting against either the end wall of the cylinder opposite the end from which the part projects or the end wall of the part projecting from the cylinder, said pressure pad being slideable with respect to the surface against which it abuts in a direction normal to the direction of movement of the piston, and is characterised in that between the pressure pad and the wall against which it abuts there is a space defined by a recess in the pressure pad or wall and means are provided for introducing fluid under pressure into said space.
The force required to bring about relative movement between the ram and the pressure pad is conveniently less than 10% of the applied load.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, it will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically the force applicator applied to a part of a rolling mill; and
FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention applied to a rolling mill.
Referring to FIG. 1, a hydraulically operable ram comprises a piston 1 displaceable in a cylinder 3 and having a part which projects out of the cylinder. To displace the piston, fluid is introduced into the cylinder chamber 5 by means (not shown). An outer wall surface 16 of the cylinder 3 extends transverse to the direction of relative movement between the piston and the cylinder and a pressure pad 7 bears against this surface. The opposite surface of the pressure pad bears against a load plate 9 which forms a chock for rotatably supporting one end of the roll of a rolling mill. The pressure pad 7 is centred relative to the cylinder 3 by actuating means such as springs 11 or hydraulic means within an annular bracket 13 on the underside of the cylinder 3.
The surface of the pad 7 which is adjacent the surface 16 of the cylinder is recessed over its central portion and the space 15 defined by the walls of the recess and the surface 16 of the cylinder is in communication with the chamber 5 by way of a bore 17 extending through the wall of the cylinder. Alternatively, the surface of the pad may be flat with the surface 16 of the cylinder having a recess therein.
In use, the force applicator is positioned between the load plate 9 and a rigid foundation 19 and fluid is introduced into the chamber 5 of the ram in order to apply a load between the foundation and the load plate 9. The area of the space 15 between the pressure pad and the cylinder is approximately 80% of the area of the chamber 5 and, if the same fluid pressure exists in the chamber 5 and the space 15, the force between the pressure pad and the cylinder is considerably reduced and, by suitable selection and lubrication of the sliding surfaces, a coefficient of friction of about 0.2 between them can be achieved. This means that the side force required on the pressure pad 7 to displace it transverse to the line of action of the load exerted by the ram is approximately 4% of this load. A limited transverse movement of the pressure pad 7 is caused by movement
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patent: 4749282 (1988-06-01), Spargo et al.
patent: 4941250 (1990-07-01), Kusters
Davy McKee (Sheffield) Limited
Denion Thomas E.
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