Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – Including means applying fluid to material
Patent
1987-10-16
1989-05-16
Rosenbaum, Mark
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
Including means applying fluid to material
2411017, 241152A, B02C 1822
Patent
active
048302880
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention concerns a forage harvester with a device for picking up the material to be chopped, and, connected to a chopping and/or conveying equipment, a delivery tube with delivery opening, as well as a re-comminuting device.
The function of this re-comminuting device is to comminute components of the material being chopped, which have gone through the chopping process without the desired comminution, afterwards before delivery. For example, in harvesting maize silage, the ejected chopped material should no longer contain any whole grains of maize.
Various kinds of re-comminuting device are known; these, however, do not, for different reasons, meet all requirements-whether it be because the degree of comminution is unsatisfactory, or because the degree of comminution is good but the construction effort or the energy requirement is too large, or the re-mincing device becomes ineffective due to dlogging after a relatively short period of operation, and in some cases can only be cleaned inconveniently or incompletely.
From DE-U 77 23 116, a re-comminuting device especially for grains of maize is known, which is mounted in the chopper housing on its retaining wall, with the plate-shaped grinding surface acting together with strip-shaped counterpart tools. A large number of similar solutions with non-driven comminution tools provide only a small degree of comminution, just like the device according to DE-U 77 23 116; while designs with driven comminution tools, such as crushing rollers, permit a good degree of comminution of the grains, but involve considerable constructive effort, show a risk of clogging and a large energy requirement, and crush all the chopped material, thus also destroying the fodder structure of the stalks and husks. If the forage harvester is not self propelled, it can only be operated in conjunctin with a tractor having a very powerful engine, because of the high energy requirement.
From DE-U 85 16 714, a forage harvester is known that has a re-comminuting arrangement in a bulge in the chopper housing, which only the grains of maize reach, after an intentional separationafter the chopping process. Since the chopped material is extensively mixed, particularly for high rates of throughput, pieces of stalk get into the re-comminuting device, where their structure is destroyed by the crushing roller, and their residues can accumulate to such an extent on the crushing roller that the grains are no longer crushed, due to the elasticity of these residues.
The object of this invention is to design a forage harvester of the kind mentioned at the beginning so that it possesses a re-comminuting device that is simple to build and safe from clogging, that does not have a negative effect on the forage harvester's energy requirements, and that allows an optimum comminution of the grains, while preserving the chopped structure of the other chopped material to a great extent.
This object is acheived in the forage harvester mentioned at the beginning by having the re-comminuting device consist of more than one group of profiles, arranged with gaps in such a way in the impact area of the material accelerated or to be accelerated by the chopping and/or conveying equipment, that the gaps of each group issue at the end of each group positioned approximately in the direction of delivery, and the profiles of each group are offset with respect to the profiles of the following group in such a way that the outlets of the gaps each face aprofile of the following group.
The comminution of maize grains, for example, occurs upon the impact of the profiles and the grains, without a counterpart tool allocated to the profiles being necessary, which would cause an additional energy requirement for performing a crushing or grinding action. The fact that the gaps issue in the direction of delivery creates a self-cleaning effect, since no residues can accumulate and jam in the gaps. Furthermore, stalks and the like are not retained in the vicinity of the re-comminuting device or crushed. Grains which may happen to pass
REFERENCES:
patent: 3464471 (1969-09-01), Todd
patent: 4617786 (1986-10-01), Fell et al.
patent: 4718612 (1988-01-01), Zweegers
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