Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-08
2001-07-24
Prats, Francisco (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C424S047000, C424S078030, C424S486000, C514S844000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06264964
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention concerns foamed cosmetic compositions generated by aerosol or mechanical pump action.
2. The Related Art
Foam quality of product expressed in mousse form may be greatly affected by the formulation components. For instance, many silicone compounds are anti-foam agents. Collapse or at least poor quality foam often results from inclusion of silicone compounds. Yet in the area of cosmetic chemistry, silicone compounds have highly beneficial skinfeel and other properties.
Crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomers have been reported as being excellent cosmetic ingredients. For instance, U.S. Pat. No. 5,833,973 (Dobkowski et al.) describes inclusion of siloxane elastomer into an aqueous emulsion to achieve improved skinfeel properties.
WO 97/32561 (Nawaz) describes skincare compositions including a crosslinked polyorganosiloxane polymer, silicone oil, organic liquid crystal-forming amphiphilic surfactant and water to form an oil-in-water emulsion. Gelling agents such as carboxyvinyl polymers are optional further components. These compositions are reported to improve skinfeel, reduce greasiness/stickiness and have faster absorption.
A poster presentation at the IFSCC International Congress in Yokohama in 1992 (pages 289-296) presented by Sakuta described the usefulness of crosslinked silicone polymers as thickening agents for dimethylpolysiloxane. Stable water-in-oil emulsions were reported to be obtainable by using a polyoxyalkylene-modified silicone oil. A cosmetic foundation was described wherein a Carbomer was formulated along with the silicone elastomer and various pigments.
Although the art has recognized the usefulness of silicone elastomers in skin cosmetics, there has been no description of formulations successfully incorporating this substance into mousse type products. Formulation of mousses presents many challenges. These include the problems of providing rich and stable foams, avoidance of nozzle cloggage, storage stability of concentrates and good skinfeel of the resultant foamed product.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cosmetic composition in mousse form having a rich long-lasting foam and good skinfeel.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a cosmetic composition in mousse form which has good physical stability.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more readily apparent from consideration of the following summary and detailed description.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A foaming cosmetic product is provided which includes:
(A) a container with a nozzle outlet and a foaming mechanism; and
(B) a cosmetic composition including:
(i) from about 0.001 to about 2% by weight of a crosslinked carboxyvinyl polymer;
(ii) from about 0.1 to about 30% of a crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomer; and
(iii) from about 1 to about 80% of a volatile polyorganosiloxane.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Now it has been found that mousse products incorporating crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomers can be elegantly delivered through a pump mechanism with the assistance of a crosslinked carboxyvinyl polymer. Systems for this invention are aqueous emulsions, particularly oil-in-water emulsions.
Crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomers are a first essential element of this invention. They will have an average number molecular weight in excess of 2,000, preferably in excess of 1,000,000 and optimally will range from 10,000 to 20 million. The term “non-emulsifying” defines a siloxane from which polyoxyalkylene units are absent. Advantageously the elastomers are formed from a divinyl compound, particularly a polymer with at least two free vinyl groups, reacting with Si—H linkages of a polysiloxane backbone such as a molecularly spherical MQ resin. Elastomer compositions are commercially available from the General Electric Company under product designation General Electric Silicone 1229 with CTFA name of Cyclomethicone and Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Cross Polymer, delivered as 20-35% elastomer in a cyclomethicone carrier. A related elastomer composition under the CFA name of Crosslinked Stearyl Methyl Dimethyl Siloxane Copolymer is available as Gransil SR-CYC (25-35% elastomer in cyclomethicone) from Grant Industries, Inc., Elmwood Park, N.J. The commercial products from General Electric and Grant Industries may be further processed by subjecting them to a high pressure (approximately 5,000 psi) treatment in a Sonolator with recycling in 10 to 60 passes. Sonolation achieves a resultant fluid with elastomer average particle size ranging from 0.2 to 10 micron, preferably 0.5 to 5 micron. Viscosity is best when ranging between 300 and 20,000 cps at 25° C. as measured by a Brookfield LV Viscometer (size 4 bar. 60 rpm. 15 sec.).
Amounts of the elastomer may range from about 0.1 to about 30%, optimally from about 1 to about 15%, most preferably from about 3 to about 10% by weight.
A second element of the present invention is that of a volatile polyorganosiloxane. The term “volatile” refers to those materials having a measurable pressure at ambient conditions. Volatile polyorganosiloxanes useful herein may be cyclic or linear. Preferred cyclic silicones include polydimethylsiloxanes containing from about 3 to about 9 silicon atoms, preferably containing from about 4 to about 5 silicon atoms, generally known as cyclomethicones. Preferred linear silicone oils include the polydimethylsiloxane containing from about 3 to about 9 silicone atoms. The linear volatile silicones generally have viscosities of less then about 5 centistokes at 25° C., while the cyclic materials have viscosities of less than about 10 centistokes, the preferable range being from 0.1 to 8 centistokes. Examples of silicone oils useful in the present invention include: Dow Corning 224, Dow Corning 245, Dow Corning 344, Dow Corning 345 and Dow Coming 200 (manufactured by the Dow Corning Corporation); Silicone 7207 and Silicone 7158 (manufactured by the Union Carbide Corporation); SF1202 (manufactured by General Electric).
Amounts of the volatile polyorganosiloxane will range from about 1 to about 80%, preferably from about 20 to about 70%, optimally from about 30 to about 65% by weight.
A most important element of the present invention is that of a carboxyvinyl polymer. Most preferred are polymers known in the technology as Carbomers. These resins are essentially colloidally water-soluble polyalkenyl polyether polymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with from 0.75 to 2% of polyallyl sucrose or polyallyl pentaerythritol. Carbomers are available from the B.F. Goodrich Company under the trademark Carbopol. Examples include Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 1342 and Pemulen TR-1 (CTFA designation: Acrylates/10/30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer). Particularly preferred is a 2% active aqueous solution of Carbopol 1382. Amounts of the carboxyvinyl polymer on an active basis may range from about 0.001 to about 2%, preferably from about 0.01 to about 1%, more preferably from about 0.3 to about 0.8% by weight.
Cosmetic compositions of the present invention are aqueous emulsions. Amounts of water may range from about 30 to about 85%, preferably from about 55 to about 70% by weight. The emulsions may be of the oil-in-water, water-in-oil or duplex variety. Most especially, the invention is concerned with the oil-in-water variety.
Aqueous to oily phases will range in weight from about 10:1 to about 1:10, preferably from about 1:1 to about 2:1, optimally from about 1:1 to about 1.5:1.
Surfactants may be a further component of compositions according to the present invention. These may be selected from nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric emulsifying agents. They may range in amount anywhere from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight. Illustrative nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated compounds based on C
10
-C
22
fatty alcohols and acids and sorbitan. These materials are available, for instance, from the Shell Chemical Company under the Neodol trademark. Copo
Coe Susan D.
Conopco Inc.
Honig Milton L.
Prats Francisco
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