Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Cellular products or processes of preparing a cellular...
Patent
1997-11-14
1998-12-22
Foelak, Morton
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Cellular products or processes of preparing a cellular...
521 89, 521 90, 521117, 521121, 521181, C08J 914
Patent
active
058520643
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention belongs to the field of cross-linked phenolic resins. In particular, it is related to a new cross-linked phenolic resin in the form of a foam, and to a process for the preparation of this foamed cross-linked phenolic resin having special surface active properties. The invention is further related to an installation for the manufacture of the phenolic foam.
Accidental pollution of water provoked by hydrocarbons on the sea and on land and touching the sea, the coasts and inshore waters have become more and more frequent and constitute a very serious problem to the environment. The means available for confining the pollution and for collecting the spilt hydrocarbons are limited. In spite of all search efforts that have been made, it has not been possible to find a means simple to apply, having a safe and reliable action and being furthermore inexpensive and easy to collect. For example, it has been tried to render the spilt hydrocarbons wettable by spreading surface active agents onto the surface of polluted water in order to obtain an aqueous dispersion, but this method brings about risks of toxicity and does not eliminate the hydrocarbons themselves. Undoubtedly, the best method comprises the removal of the hydrocarbons from the water by absorption or adsorption by means of solid bodies that are much easier to separate from the contaminated surface and to be removed therefrom.
It has therefore been suggested to use, for example, the following absorbing materials: pre-treated minerals such as perlite and bentonite; fibrous materials such as cellulosic fibers, glass fibers and peat; synthetic materials, e.g. polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resins, polyesters, and also urea formaldehyde resins. Among these materials, hydrophobic products should be preferred since they have a better absorption power; for example, microporous polypropylene has an absorption power that is 23 times its weight whereas the peat, a hydrophilic matter, absorbs only 8.3 times its weight of hydrocarbons.
According to French patent No. 2,073,083, one has already suggested to use a phenolic foam for the fixation of oils, fats, petrol (gasoline) and similar products spilt on the surface of solids or liquids, for example on water. However, this document fails to mention data regarding the composition of the foam excepted that it is a foamed phenolic or formol-phenolic resin, and regarding the properties of the foam. As it will be shown below, the phenolic foams known until now are not very effective for the absorption of fatty materials in view of their hydrophilicity.
Therefore, there is a strong need of a new, more effective absorbing material which can be used to combat the pollution of the environment by hydrocarbons.
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a new absorbing, lipophilic material which can be used especially as an antipollution material.
This objective is attained by the phenolic foam according to this invention that is defined in the first independent patent claim. The second independent patent claim is directed to a manufacturing process of the new foam, and the third independent patent claim to an installation for carrying out the process. The fourth independent patent claim finally defines a use of the foam. The subject of the dependent patent claims are special embodiments of the subject of their superordinated independent claims.
In order to obtain the foam of the invention, it is necessary to combine in a new and unexpected manner at least the following components: polyether, modified by a dimethylpolysiloxane copolymer;
Other component may additionally be present, preferably one or more coloring agents and stabilizers.
In the following, these components will be described in more detail.
The resol
It is known to manufacture phenol-formol oligomers and to condense same in the presence of acidic catalysts. These oligomers, called resols, are prepared from optionally substituted phenols and formaldehyde in aqueous solution, using specially selected stoichiometr
REFERENCES:
patent: 4207401 (1980-06-01), Dahms
patent: 4219623 (1980-08-01), Sudan
patent: 4303758 (1981-12-01), Gusmer
Choquard Philippe
Lamartine Roger
Foelak Morton
Transdiffusia S.A.
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