Power plants – Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy... – Fluid motor means is a turbine with output means...
Patent
1992-06-15
1993-06-29
Koczo, Michael
Power plants
Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy...
Fluid motor means is a turbine with output means...
F02B 4110
Patent
active
052223558
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine assembly of the compound type for vehicles, comprising an internal combustion engine, a turbine, and a crankshaft issuing from the engine, the turbine being designed to be driven by exhaust gases from the engine.
PRIOR ART
Designers of internal combustion engines have for a long time attempted to obtain, to the greatest possible extent, from the engine's exhaust gases the energy which would otherwise be lost. A customary way of doing this is to equip the engine with a so-called turbocharger consisting of a turbine which is driven by the exhaust and is mechanically coupled to a compressor designed to compress the combustion air for supercharging the engine. Ever since their appearance in vehicle engines 40 to 50 years ago, turbochargers have been developed and refined and have thereby attained a high level of adjustability and operational reliability. Nevertheless, a large amount of energy still remains in the exhaust gases after leaving the turbine.
A method for utilising at least some of this surplus energy is to arrange, in series with and downstream of this first turbine, a second turbine driven by the exhaust gases. If this second turbine is in some way coupled so that it transmits mechanically some of the surplus energy to the crankshaft of the engine or to transmissions connected thereto, a so-called turbocompound system is obtained. Such systems are previously known, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,586,337 and published international patent application WO 86/00,665. These two specifications illustrate exhaust turbines which, via a long shaft, transmit the energy obtained from the exhaust to the crankshaft via the timing gears of the camshaft transmission. In this way it is possible to use gears already constructed for permanent load. However, this arrangement is complicated and in addition requires a great deal of space. A further disadvantage lies in the fact that the torque obtained from the power turbine is conveyed to the camshaft gear directly, which is unfavorable since the camshaft drive from the crankshaft is optimised in order to give valve opening times which are uniform and synchronised with the crankshaft. A non-uniform torque pulsation which is conveyed to the camshaft timing gears directly from the power turbine can have a negative effect on the optimum valve synchronisation and necessitates redesigning of the camshaft drive, taking into consideration the induced pulsations from the power turbine.
It is also known to transmit the energy from the exhaust gas turbine via a transmission to the starter ring gear on the flywheel. However, this requires that the toothing on a ring gear adapted to starter operation be modified in such a way that it matches the loads and speeds transmitted by the transmission coupled to the turbine.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a possibility of transmitting the energy from the turbine to the crankshaft without having to modify the flywheel, particularly in respect of the ring gear for the starter, or transmitting the energy to the crankshaft via the camshaft timing gears. Another object is to be able to use one and the same base engine in the engine program, which base engine can be used with or without compound addition, and where the only component needing to be changed in the base engine is a flywheel casing. A further object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine assembly of the compound type, which, in comparison with previously known arrangements of the same type, affords advantages in terms of manufacturing, assembly and maintenance technology.
In these respects, the assembly according to the invention is characterised by the fact that, on an endplate secured to the crankshaft, a gear wheel forming part of the transmission is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, and by the fact that there is formed on the gear wheel a flange which functions as an extension of the crankshaft, directed from the endplate, and an attach
REFERENCES:
patent: 2372676 (1945-04-01), Kilchenmann
patent: 3739572 (1973-06-01), Duerr
patent: 4586337 (1986-05-01), Fox
Karlsson Karl-Erik
Sperle Peter
Koczo Michael
Saab-Scania Aktiebolag
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