Fluorine-substituted cyclic carbonate electrolytic solution and

Details Fluorine-substituted cyclic carbonate electrolytic solution and Fluorine-substituted cyclic carbonate electrolytic solution and

1997-02-06

2000-01-04

Nuzzolillo, Maria

Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and

Current producing cell, elements, subcombinations and...

Include electrolyte chemically specified and method

332326, 3322181, 33223195, H01M 616

Patent

active

060108061

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a fluorine-substituted cyclic carbonate and to an electrolytic solution and a battery containing the same.


BACKGROUND ART

A carbonate is a diester of carbonic acid, represented by R--O--CO--O--R' (wherein R and R' are each an alkyl group), and there are generally known chain carbonate compounds such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or the like and cyclic carbonate compounds such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate or the like. These carbonate compounds are used as a special solvent in the fields of medicinal chemistry, agricultural chemistry, etc.; starting or intermediate material for dyes, plant protective agents, synthetic resins, etc.; agricultural chemical or drag (see Japanese Laid-open Patent Application Nos. Sho 54-125617 and Sho 54-63023).
Of these, cyclic carbonate compounds such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate have excellent characteristics as a solvent in that they dissolve well various organic and inorganic substances, are chemically and physically stable and have a high dielectric constant. Therefore, they are of industrially high utility value, and it is known that they are used in not only organic solvents but also pharmaceuticals, acrylic fiber processing agents, polymer compound solvents, organic intermediate materials, electrolyte solutions for non-aqueous batteries, electrolyte solutions for capacitors and solvents for an electrochemical reaction (see Japanese Laid-open Patent Application Nos. Sho 61-64082 and Hei 1-292753).
Some halogen-substituted cyclic carbonate compounds are known as cyclic carbonate derivatives. As chlorine-substituted cyclic carbonates, there are known, for example, chloroethylene carbonate (see J. Org. Chem., 39, 38 (1974) and the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 367795), 2,3-dichlorobutylene carbonate (see Chem. Pharm. Bull., 36, 394 (1988) and Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. Hei 2-111767), chloromethyl ethylene carbonate (see the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 4,332,729) and trichloromethyl ethylene carbonate (see Chem. Pharm. Bull., 23, 3017 (1975)). The properties as a solvent of these chlorine atom-substituted cyclic carbonates are not known.
Meanwhile, fluorine-containing carbonate compounds are not so common and such compounds as difluoroethyl carbonate as a starting material for synthetic resins (see the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 969,683); dihexafluoropropyl carbonate and ethylhexafluoropropyl carbonate as agricultural chemicals (see the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 3,359,296); and diperfluorophenyl carbonate (see the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 768,179) and methyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate (see Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. Hei 6-219992) as flame retardants have been reported as chain carbonates containing fluorine.
Known examples of fluorine atom-substituted cyclic carbonates are few and in particular, a compound obtained by introducing a fluorine atom into the methyl group of methyl ethylene carbonate is totally unknown.
As described above, although known cyclic carbonates have such excellent features as solvents that they dissolve well organic and inorganic substances, are chemically and physically stable and have a high dielectric constant, they have the following problems with properties as a solvent. For instance, though ethylene carbonate has a low molecular weight, it has a freezing temperature as high as 38.degree. C. and is solid at room temperatures. When it is used as a solvent, therefore, it must be liquefied by warming, and further, the temperature range at which it can be used as a solvent is narrow. Propylene carbonate is widely used as a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent for batteries. However, when it is used as a solvent for a lithium ion battery which uses graphite as a negative electrode material or as a solvent for a battery which uses lithium or a lithium-containing alloy as a negative electrode material, such problem is pointed out that propylene carbonate reacts with the negative electrode material to shorten the life of t

REFERENCES:
patent: 5256504 (1993-10-01), Okuno et al.
patent: 5714280 (1998-02-01), Nakano et al.
Jehoshua Katzhendler et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans II, Conformational Studies of . . . Substituted Five-Membered Cyclic Carbonates and Related Compounds by MNDO, and the X-Ray Crystal Structure of 4-Chloro-Phenyloxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, pp. 1729-1739, 1989.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 012, No. 187 (E-615), May 31, 1988 and JP 62 290071 A (Matsushita Electric Ind Co. Ltd), Dec. 16, 1987.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 012, No. 187 (E-615), May 31, 1988 and JP 62 290072 A (Matsushita Electric Ind Co. Ltd), Dec. 16, 1987.

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