Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Miscellaneous
Patent
1985-01-31
1985-12-03
Favors, Edward G.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Miscellaneous
110234, 110238, 110245, 122 22, F22B 102
Patent
active
045560170
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
This invention relates to fluidised bed combustion apparatus and, more particularly, to apparatus adapted to consume a slurry of water and flyash with a carbon content of around 45% by weight.
Such a flyash is produced as a by-product of a coal gasification process and commonly is formed into a slurry for ease of removal and disposal in slime dams. Upon recovery from the slime dams, the flyash is in the form of a slurry with a high water content and as such poses difficult transportion and disposal problems.
In a fluidised bed combustion apparatus arranged to be fired by flyash according to the present invention there is provided a furnace chamber having tubulous walls, floor and roof connected to extend between distributor means subjacent the base of the furnace chamber and collector means adjacent the roof of the furnace chamber, a lateral gas pass extending from an upper region of the furnace chamber containing a vapour generating tube bank extending between a lower, liquid, drum and an upper, vapour and liquid, drum connected to the collectors, a down pass extending from the lateral gas pass containing an economiser tube bank and an airheater and having at the base thereof a grits hopper, the downpass discharging through a bag filter means to a flue, flyash firing means including chutes discharging through ports in the furnace chamber walls closely superjacent the floor and inclined chutes extending through the furnace chamber walls at an intermediate level to discharge closely superjacent the floor at locations spaced from the walls, the inclined chutes being surrounded by tube lengths extending from the floor connected into respective tubulous walls, and a windbox subjacent the floor discharging fluidising air from the airheater through nozzles extending through the floor.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying, partly diagrammatic, drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the plant, including a boiler;
FIG. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the boiler;
FIG. 3 is a portion of the boiler to an enlarged scale; and
FIG. 4 is a cross-section taken on the line IV--IV of FIG. 3.
As shown in the drawings, a flyash slurry, produced in the gasification of coal using the Koppers-Totzek process in ammonia manufacture, is first fed to a conventional gravity thickener 2 in order to increase its density such that it then may be fed economically to a pressure filter 4 of a tubular type operating at 100 bar to produce a filter cake of low moisture content, about 40% by weight, having good handling and storage properties.
Upon discharge from the filter the cake is transported by means of drag link and pneumatic conveyors 6 to be pressurised feed hoppers 8 located adjacent an upper region of a fluidised bed fired boiler 10. Filter cake is admitted to the hoppers through rotary valve seals 12 and metered into a furnace chamber 14 of the fluidised bed fired boiler by means of drag link feeders 16.
The furnace chamber 14 of the boiler 10 is of rectangular cross-section in plan, having side walls 18 of greater width than the front and rear walls 20, 22. A combustion gas outlet 24 is formed in the upper part of the rear wall and discharges to a lateral gas pass 26 connected, through a 90.degree. bend 28, to a down pass 30 having at the base thereof a grits hopper 32 which discharges, through a bag filter 34, to a flue 36. The furnace chamber is lined with contiguously welded finned tube panels 38 extending upwardly from distributors 40 at the respective bases of the front wall 20 and the side walls 18. A first group of tubes 42 extends upwardly in the front wall from a first distributor 40 at the base thereof to an intermediate level where the tubes are bent inwardly and upwardly to form an intermediate front roof portion 44 and then bent again to form an upper wall portion 46. At the top of the furnace chamber the tubes of the upper wall portion are bent to form an upwardly sloping roof portion 48 discharging to a steam and water drum 50, situated
REFERENCES:
patent: 4312302 (1982-01-01), Kollerup
patent: 4426958 (1984-01-01), Hosek et al.
patent: 4436507 (1984-03-01), Stewart et al.
patent: 4449482 (1984-05-01), Leon et al.
Couch Alan T.
Cruickshank Terence D.
Davey William L. E.
Marshall Anthony R.
Tydd Christopher B.
Favors Edward G.
Fluidised Combustion Contractors Limited
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