Valves and valve actuation – With material guide or restrictor – Baffle or zigzag flow restrictor
Patent
1987-12-07
1990-10-02
Rosenthal, Arnold
Valves and valve actuation
With material guide or restrictor
Baffle or zigzag flow restrictor
251118, 138 42, 138 44, F16K 4708, F16K 4716
Patent
active
049602608
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a system for fluid flow control utilising a restrictor valve which is adapted for insertion near one or more outlet orifices in a fluid supply network thereby enabling control of the discharge of the fluid at the outlet orifice or orifices.
In the past numerous problems have existed in water supply reticulation networks relating to uneveness and irregularity of water flow at outlets in the system. The problems have hitherto previously been evident in small domestic water reticulation systems and also in larger systems where an array of outlets are disposed in series whereby one outlet in the array is proximate to the water source and subsequent outlets in the array are increasingly more distant from the water source. A pressure gradient is normally present along outlets in a series configuration.
This phenomenon of pressure irregularity is common where the array of outlets are vertically separated relative to the water source, such as where an elevated storage tank supplies water by gravity, or where the outlets are substantially horizontally separated from a source such as a mains pressure water storage tank.
The problems of uneven pressure have originated in a number of ways; (ignoring for the purposes of this description distribution pipeline sizes, frictional effects between the water and the pipe wall).
Firstly, when water emanates from a pressurised source whether under gravity or under mechanically generated pressure such as mains pressure and when that water must feed a multiplicity of outlets whether in series or in parallel for the same source pressure, the outlets at the extremity of the supply network, when all or some of the outlets are in operation, suffer a dramatic reduction in pressure as the water attempts to escape through the upstream outlets before reaching the downstream outlets. A variation in pressure at each outlet will occur over the length of the discharge line to which the outlets are connected.
The same phenomenon will occur whether the outlets are disposed substantially horizontally to the supply source or substantially vertically relative to the supply source.
A dramatic reduction can occur where mains pressure must reach substantial heights above the ground. This can occur in home units or multi storey dwellings when outlets are situated on each floor. The outlets on the lower floors tend to deprive the outlets on the upper floors of fluid, creating the uneven pressure distribution.
To a certain extent, especially in showers, the problem is ameliorated by the restricting effect of the conventional shower roseas but it is not regulated to an acceptable level.
Where a water reticulation system has showers which have water mixing fittings there is usually a variation in the pressure between the cold water supply and hot water supply. This can occur if the cold water supply is mains pressure and the hot water supply is gravity fed for instance. It can also occur when losses occur in a mains pressure hot water system.
This results in a build up in the mixing riser of back pressure in the line of highest pressure.
When the flow is restricted at the shower head the higherpressure takes over making the combined mixed flow from the shower head difficult to proPerly control. When there is a drop in hot water pressure the cold water pressure may force the hot water valve cock jumper valve closed or cause a back surge of cold water through the hot water pipe. The reverse occurs if the hot water pressure is the greater.
A further problem that exists in water reticulation systems occurs when opening and closing of valve cocks in the reticulation system causes pressure fluctuations in other outlets in the system. In domestic reticulation systems this phenomenon is noticeable when a person showering may detect a reduction either in temperature or pressure or both, as a result of the activation of another valve cock in the same reticulation system elsewhere in the house.
The present invention seeks to overcome these and other problems by providing a regulated
REFERENCES:
patent: 2244311 (1941-06-01), Nee et al.
patent: 2646248 (1953-07-01), Cornelius
patent: 3084718 (1913-04-01), Ash
patent: 4335751 (1982-06-01), Sugimura et al.
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