Pipes and tubular conduits – With flow regulators and/or baffles – Flow facilitating
Patent
1986-08-11
1988-11-15
Bryant, III, James E.
Pipes and tubular conduits
With flow regulators and/or baffles
Flow facilitating
138111, 138114, F15D 104
Patent
active
047841834
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a fluid flow device having two co-axial conduits and a communicating chamber at one end of both conduits through which fluid may flow from one conduit to the other, reversing its axial direction of flow as it does so.
Such a device is shown in GB-A-1 505 721. Fluid enters the outer conduit at two diametrically opposite locations, so that in flowing down the outer conduit the fluid will possess tangential components of velocity and the axial velocity distribution around the axis of the conduits will not be uniform.
International Publication WO83/03768, deriving from the present applicants, attempts to overcome this problem by inserting vanes within the inner and outer conduits, the vanes extending in axial planes. Although this alleviates the problem, it was found that turbulence was still present within the inner conduit.
The present invention therefore provides a fluid flow device of the type set out above comprising radial vanes parallel to the axis of the conduits within the communicating chamber, extending from the communicating chamber into the inner conduit and from the communicating chamber into the outer conduit. The vanes are preferably continuous throughout the communicating chamber and preferably divide the communicating chamber into separate flow channels.
The fluid flow device preferably comprises means for mounting the conduits so that one axial plane is vertical, and the vanes are preferably arranged symmetrically about this vertical plane. They may also be symmetrically arranged about an axial plane at right angles to this vertical plane.
An example of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a part side elevation, part axial section of a fluid flow device with the outer wall of the outer conduit removed,
FIG. 2 is a diametral section through the device of FIG. 1 on Lines A--A,
FIG. 3 shows a typical velocity squared distribution within the outer channel of the device of FIG. 1, and
FIGS. 4A and 4B show the action of secondary flows at the communicating chamber of the device of FIG. 1.
The fluid flow device illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises three concentric tubes 11, 12 and 13. The inner tube contains a straightener locating rod 14 connected to a straightener 15 located towards the downstream end of an inner annular channel 16 bounded by the middle conduit 12. This will be described later. An outer annular channel 17 is formed between the middle and outer conduits.
The device is mounted so that the plane represented by FIG. 1 is vertical and the device is movable within this vertical plane by rotation about a horizontal axis 18. Fluid, for example water, enters the outer channel 17 from two diametrically opposite conduits 19 centred on the axis 18 and passes from right to left as seen in FIG. 1 along the outer channel 17 to its left hand end as seen in FIG. 1. The middle conduit 12 ends at a predetermined distance from the end of the outer conduit 13, and within this predetermined distance there is formed a communicating chamber 21 between the inner and outer channels 16 and 17. The outer channel 17 is of constant cross-section between the entry conduit 19 and the communicating chamber 21, but the inner channel 16 is formed with a throat at its left hand end by means of a diffuser 22 whose inner boundary has a quarter-circle portion from the left hand end of the middle conduit 12 to the minimum radius of the throat 23, after which the boundary tapers gently outwardly until it reaches the inner wall of the middle conduit 12, the inner channel 16 thereafter being of constant cross-section except for the straightener 15. A nozzle 24 is located at the downstream end of the inner channel 16, but this is not illustrated in detail.
The purpose of the present apparatus is to provide non-turbulent flow at the nozzle 24 from fluid entering the device at the conduits 19. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the conduits 19 are not uniformly distributed around the common axis of the conduits 11 to 13 and so there will be c
REFERENCES:
patent: 1946945 (1934-02-01), Mekler
patent: 4118173 (1978-10-01), Shakiba
Bryant III James E.
The British Hydromechanics Research Association
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