Liquid purification or separation – With precoat adding or applying means
Patent
1997-11-25
1999-02-16
Popovics, Robert
Liquid purification or separation
With precoat adding or applying means
210169, 210232, 210136, 210407, 210409, 210412, 210456, 210472, 2104935, 2104943, 210413, B01D 2962, B01D 3702
Patent
active
058716416
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to fluid filtering devices, and more particularly to diatomaceous earth filters employing a septum.
BACKGROUND ART
Various fluid filtering devices have been proposed over the years, the more common types employing a porous filter media which is penetrable to the fluid to be filtered but substantially impenetrable to contaminants to be filtered out. A flow of fluid is directed through the media such that contaminant particles which do not pass through the pores of the filter media are retained on or in the media on the upstream side. Purified fluid passes through the media and on to its end use downstream. The pore size of the media determines the fineness of filtration or, conversely, the size of the contaminant particles which pass through the media and are not filtered out. After a period of filtration, contaminants collected on the upstream side of the media plug or clog the media such that fluid flow through the media is reduced and/or the pressure differential between the fluid on the upstream side of the media and the fluid on the downstream side is increased to an unacceptable level. Decreased flow translates to a reduction in purified fluid output, whereas an increase in differential pressure generally signifies greater strain on the fluid systems producing the fluid flow to the filter, such as pumps, piping and seals, accelerating their wear and consuming more energy. For this reason, fluid filtration systems typically have some provision for unclogging the filter media at regular intervals. This may take the form, inter alia, of reverse flushing the media to waste, replacing the media with new media, subjecting the media to some form of mechanical cleaning process such as scraping or brushing, or a combination of the foregoing methods, depending upon the media employed.
There are numerous kinds of filter media, with each type having its advantages and disadvantages with respect to filtering efficiency, backwashing/cleaning effectiveness and cost. For example, cartridge filters typically employ a filter element fabricated from a fibrous or woven sheeting material, such as a paper, felt, fiberglass, woven fabric or screen-like material surrounding a central, perforated core cylinder and capped with end plates. Cartridge filters are light in weight, compact and effective at removing small particulates. Fluid flow is commonly directed from the outside of the cartridge element, which usually approximates a cylindrical shape, to an inside core cylinder. The fluid permeable sheeting typically serves as the filter media itself and may be backflushable. In order to increase the filter media surface area, it is known to fold the media sheet in a continuous zig-zag or accordion pattern. Cartridge filters have certain inherent drawbacks, such as becoming clogged by fine particulates or organics that resist backflushing. Cartridges also tend to collapse as the flexible media sheet experiences greater pressure differentials. This collapse may take the form of a general deformation of the overall cylindrical shape of the cartridge or the collapse of the peripheral folded zig-zag pattern such that the surface area advantage provided by the folding is defeated. Cartridge collapse has been remedied in the past by the inclusion of a parallel metal screening bent in the same shape as the media sheeting. Solutions for the latter problem of the pinching down of the folds have been proposed in the form of corrugated fold separators made from rigid plastics as shown, e.g., in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,075,106 to Yamazaki and 4,560,477 to Moldow. Because cartridge media becomes blocked under certain circumstances, the only remedy to restore the media is replacement, which is both expensive and inconvenient, in that the cartridges are the products of rather complex fabrication methods and to replace them, the filter must be disassembled.
As an alternative to filtering media in the form of woven or flocked sheeting, many filtering systems use a granular or particula
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"Chemical Engineering: Getting the most out of filteraids", by Arthur J. Basso, Chemical Engineering, Sep. 12, 1977.
Product literature pertaining to "Hayward Micro Clear DE Vertical Grid Filter Series", copyrighted 1986 by Hayward Pool Products, Inc.
H-Tech, Inc.
Popovics Robert
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