Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Stepped; e.g. – stair
Patent
1990-10-26
1992-06-23
Scherbel, David A.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Stepped; e.g., stair
52183, 182228, E04F 1100
Patent
active
051232103
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a flight of stairs with a multitude of steps, where each step is firmly connected at least at one lateral end to the next step by two vertical members, and where the bottom and top steps (22, 12) are resting on an intermediate floor (26, 24), landing beam or similar member.
Stairs are known in many different constructional variations. A flight of stairs in one piece can be produced in situ from concrete. The individual steps are then lined with treads and risers in the desired material. Another known method is to connect intermediate floors by prefabricated beams which, when placed alongside each other, form a flight of stairs. Furthermore, a design is known by which one end of the steps of a spiral staircase are anchored in a wall, while the other step ends are arranged in such a manner that these ends support each other. Such staircases are relatively expensive to produce, and any special requirements and deviations from standards can only be executed at a relatively high cost.
DE-OS 19 63 909 describes a spiral staircase with a projecting first step, and a multitude of steps where each step is firmly connected at one lateral end with the subsequent step by two parallel vertical members; the forces that have to be transmitted in horizontal direction are transmitted directly by the horizontal member acting as a step. DE-Gbm 1943606 shows a cuboid compression component between two steps where compression bodies and steps are held together by a vertical anchor. Here, too, the forces that are to be transmitted in horizontal direction are transmitted directly within the step.
The objective of this invention is to create a flight of stairs that can be produced by simple means, and that can be easily adapted to special conditions.
In keeping with the invention, this objective is achieved by the fact that at least one lateral end of each step is arranged within a square support--consisting of two horizontal and two vertical members which, together, form a stair stringer--in such a manner that each step is supported by the assigned horizontal member beneath it, and that each horizontal member is extended beyond a vertical member, so that the extension of the upper horizontal member forms the lower horizontal member of the next step above it, while the extension of the lower horizontal member forms the upper horizontal member of the next step beneath it, and where--at least on one side--a vertical member can be replaced by a spacer or by the actual step which, in this instance, must--at least on that side--be of the same thickness as a step height.
With elements produced in conformity with this invention it is possible to assemble the elements in situ to produce a flight of stairs that can then be arranged at the envisaged point between two intermediate floors. Adaptation to the prevailing peculiarities--for instance curves, offset arrangements or other designs--is possible by appropriate selection of the horizontal member lengths.
The arrangement of square supports at both step ends are to be preferred. In this event the steps will have no connection whatsoever with a wall of the building.
According to another preferred version, at least one end of the steps is anchored in the wall, thus creating a partially self-supporting flight of stairs. In this instance it is possible to anchor the end of each step in a wall, while the opposite is free. Alternatively, depending upon the local conditions, only some of the steps need be anchored in the wall, while the other steps are connected with each other at both ends by square supports.
According to another preferred version, the front vertical members of each square support are formed by vertical handrail standards. In this manner a combination of handrail and holders for the steps is achieved, thereby diminishing the necessary work to arrange the steps and fasten the handrail. If, for instance, the steps are staggered by half a step width in horizontal direction to each other, then all vertical members can be formed by vertical handrail standards,
REFERENCES:
patent: 1304533 (1919-05-01), Bois
patent: 3909997 (1975-10-01), Eikhof
patent: 4018300 (1977-04-01), Geay
patent: 4367613 (1983-01-01), Strub
patent: 4464870 (1984-08-01), Crepeau
Casella Anthony J.
Hespos Gerald E.
Nguyen Kien
Scherbel David A.
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