Expansible chamber devices – Collapsible chamber wall portion – Wall portion formed of flexible material
Patent
1987-07-27
1989-10-31
Garrett, Robert E.
Expansible chamber devices
Collapsible chamber wall portion
Wall portion formed of flexible material
92 90, 92 48, 92137, 92 72, 417394, F01B 1900, F16J 300
Patent
active
048769460
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to the pump engineering, and more specifically, it deals with hydraulic and pneumatic displacement pumps.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Widely known in the art are piston pumps comprising a cylinder and a piston mounted for reciprocations in the cylinder. The cylinder communicates, via valves, with a source of fluid being pumped and with a delivery line. The piston is driven by a motor by means of a crank gear.
Discharge rate of such a pump may be increased by raising piston speed or increasing the pump size, but any increase in the discharge rate is limited by inertia forces and friction which becomes greater with an increase in the area of friction surfaces. An increase in the number of cylinders with pistons results in a decrease in power-to-weight ratio and efficiency and in an increase in metal weight-to-discharge ratio and also in a more complicated design. All these factors impose additional stringent requirements upon accuracy and finish in the manufacture.
Known in the art is a hydraulic actuator having a casing with an interior space in which a toroidal flexible shell is provided which is mounted for reciprocations and comprises a hose having the ends which are turned inside out and which are individually secured along the perimeter to the inner wall of the casing. An annular partition dividing the interior space into two chambers is provided in the casing between the fixed ends of the hose. The partition has a central opening with a sealing means, the hose passing from one chamber into the other through this opening. The chambers communicate with hydraulic lines for alternately supplying working fluid thereto (cf. SU, 918590).
When the hose passes through the central opening having the sealing means, folds are formed in the hose, and working fluid overflow from one chamber to the other occurs through these folds thus lowering efficiency. In addition, an increased friction occurs in the sealing means which also lowers efficiency and causes substantial wear of the hose and sealing members. The envelope moving almost completely from one chamber into the other requires the apparatus size to be very large.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on the problem of providing a pump in which the interior of the casing is divided into two chambers in such a manner as to ensure their complete sealing with respect to each other thereby improving capacity and efficiency.
This problem is solved by that there is provided a pump comprising a casing having an interior space in which there is provided a flexible hose mounted for reciprocations having one end thereof which is turned inside out and secured along the perimeter to the inner wall of the casing and the other end thereof which is closed so as to sealingly divide the interior space of the casing into two chambers of which one chamber communicates with a source of fluid being pumped and with a delivery line, wherein, according to the invention, in order to move the flexible hose in one direction, its closed end is secured to a drum operatively connected to a motor and installed in one of the chambers, and movement in the opposite direction is effected under the action of working fluid pressure built-up in one of the chambers.
The drum is preferably installed in the chamber which commuicates with a working fluid admission and discharge system the other chamber communicates with a source of fluid being pumped and with the delivery line.
This arrangement makes it possible to pump one fluid using another fluid. Both fluids are completely separated so that any fluids an be used as working fluid and fluid being pumped.
The source of fluid being pumped may communicate with the other chamber at a point most remote from the point at which the end of the flexible hose is secured.
This communication of the source of fluid being pumped with the other chamber, when the drum is located in the chamber communicating with the system for admission and discharge of working fluid, the other chamber communicating with the so
REFERENCES:
patent: 2428912 (1947-10-01), Hulsberg
patent: 3417942 (1968-12-01), Van Alstyne
patent: 3471668 (1969-10-01), Wilkes
patent: 4616556 (1986-10-01), Meilman et al.
patent: 4667573 (1987-05-01), Shenker
patent: 4756237 (1988-07-01), Shishkin et al.
Kryazhevskikh Nikolai F.
Shapovalov Jury P.
Shishkin Viktor V.
Denion Thomas
Garrett Robert E.
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