Compositions – Fire retarding – For solid synthetic polymer and reactants thereof
Reexamination Certificate
2000-01-29
2003-04-15
Toomer, Cephia D. (Department: 1714)
Compositions
Fire retarding
For solid synthetic polymer and reactants thereof
C524S133000, C524S135000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06547992
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
The salts of phosphinic acids (phosphinates) have proven to be effective flame-retardant additives for thermoplastic polymers. This applies both to the alkali metal salts (DE-A-2 252 258) and to the salts of other metals (DE-A-2 447 727).
Calcium phosphinates and aluminum phosphinates have been described as particularly effective in polyesters and give less impairment of the material properties of the polymeric molding compositions than do the alkali metal salts (EP-A-0 699 708).
Synergistic combinations of the phosphinates mentioned with certain nitrogen-containing compounds have also been found, and in a large number of polymers these are more effective flame retardants than the phosphinates alone (PCT/EP97/01664, and also DE-A-197 34 437 and DE-A-197 37 727).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Surprisingly, it has now been found that the flame-retardant effect of the various phosphinates in thermoplastic polymers can also be markedly improved by adding small amounts of inorganic and/or mineral compounds which do not contain nitrogen.
It has moreover been found that the additives mentioned can also improve the flame-retardant effect of phosphinates in combination with nitrogen-containing synergists.
The invention therefore provides a flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers comprises, as component A, a phosphinate of the formula (I) and/or a diphosphinate of the formula (II) and/or polymers of these
where
R
1
and R
2
are identical or different and are C
1
-C
6
-alkyl, linear or branched, and/or aryl;
R
3
is C
1
-C
10
-alkylene, linear or branched, C
6
-C
10
-arylene, -alkylarylene or -arylalkylene;
M are calcium ions, aluminum ions and/or zinc ions;
m is 2 or 3;
n is 1 or 3;
x is 1 or 2,
and, as component B, a synthetic inorganic compound and/or a mineral product.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
R
1
and R
2
are identical or different and are preferably C
1
-C
6
-alkyl, linear or branched, and/or phenyl.
R
1
and R
2
are identical or different and are particularly preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl and/or phenyl.
R
3
is preferably methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, isopropylene, n-butylene, tert-butylene, n-pentylene, n-octylene or n-dodecylene.
Other preferred meanings for R
3
are phenylene and naphthylene.
Other preferred meanings for R
3
are methylphenylene, ethylphenylene, tert-butylphenylene, methyinaphthylene, ethyinaphthylene and tert-butylnaphthylene.
Other preferred meanings for R
3
are phenylmethylene, phenylethylene, phenylpropylene and phenylbutylene.
Component B is preferably an oxygen compound of silicon, a magnesium compound, a metal carbonate of metals of the second main group of the periodic table, red phosphorus, a zinc compound or an aluminum compound.
The oxygen compounds of silicon are preferably salts or esters of orthosilicic acid and condensation products thereof, silicates, zeolites, silicas, glass powders, glass-ceramic powders or ceramic powders.
The magnesium compounds are preferably magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcites, magnesium carbonates or magnesium calcium carbonates.
The red phosphorus is preferably elemental red phosphorus or a preparation in which the surface of the phosphorus has been coated with low-molecular-weight liquid substances, such as silicone oil, paraffin oil or esters of phthalic acid or adipic acid, or with polymeric or oligomeric compounds, e.g. with phenolic resins or amino plastics, or else with polyurethanes.
The zinc compounds are preferably zinc oxide, zinc stannate, zinc hydroxystannate, zinc phosphate, zinc borate or zinc sulfides.
The aluminum compounds are preferably aluminum hydroxide or aluminum phosphate.
The novel flame retardant combination preferably comprises nitrogen compounds, as further component C.
The nitrogen compounds preferably have the formulae (III) to (VIII) or are mixtures of these
where
R
5
to R
7
are hydrogen, C
1
-C
8
-alkyl, C
5
-C
16
-cycloalkyl or -alkylcycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with a hydroxyl function or with a C
1
-C
4
-hydroxyalkyl function, C
2
-C
8
-alkenyl, C
2
-C
8
-alkoxy, -acyl or -acyloxy, C
6
-C
12
-aryl or -arylalkyl, —OR
8
or —N(R
8
)R
9
, or else N-alicyclic or N-aromatic systems,
R
8
is hydrogen, C
1
-C
8
-alkyl, C
5
-C
16
-cycloalkyl or -alkylcycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with a hydroxyl function or with a C
1
-C
4
-hydroxyalkyl function, C
2
-C
8
-alkenyl, C
1
-C
8
-alkoxy, -acyl or -acyloxy, or C
6
-C
12
-aryl or -arylalkyl,
R
9
to R
13
are groups identical with R
8
or else —O—R
8
,
m and n, independently of one another, are 1, 2, 3 or 4,
X are acids which can form adducts with triazine compounds (III); or the nitrogen compounds are esters of tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate with aromatic polycarboxylic acids or are nitrogen-containing phosphates of the formula (NH
4
)
y
H
3-y
PO
4
or (NH
4
PO
3
)
z
, where y is from 1 to 3 and z is from 1 to 10,000.
Component C is preferably benzoguanamine, tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, allantoin, glycouril, melamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate, dimelamine phosphate and/or melamine pyrophosphate.
The invention further provides the use of the novel flame retardant combination for rendering thermoplastic polymers flame-retardant. For the purposes of the present invention and as set out by Hans Dominghaus in “Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften” [Plastics and their Properties], 5
th
edition (1998), p. 14, thermoplastic polymers are polymers in which the molecular chains have no lateral branching or else have varying numbers of lateral branches of different lengths, soften on heating and can be shaped in virtually any way desired.
The thermoplastic polymers are preferably Hi (high-impact) polystyrene, polyphenylene ethers, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates or blends or polymer blends of ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) type or of PC/ABS (polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) type. Hi polystyrene is a poly-styrene with increased impact strength.
Particularly preferred thermoplastic polymers are polyamides, polyesters and ABS.
The term plastic molding compositions is used below for thermoplastic polymers which comprise the novel flame retardant combinations and, if desired, fillers and reinforcing materials and/or other additives as defined below.
For the use mentioned it is preferable to use, independently of one another,component A at a concentration of from 1 to 30% by weight and component B at a concentration of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based in each case on the plastic molding composition.
Finally, the invention also provides a flame-retardant plastic molding composition comprising the novel flame retardant combination.
The polymers in the flame-retardant plastic molding composition are preferably polyamide, polyester or ABS.
The component B which has been mentioned earlier is a synthetic inorganic compound and/or a mineral product selected from the groups mentioned below:
Oxygen compounds of silicon, such as salts or esters of orthosilicic acid and condensation products thereof (silicates). An overview of suitable silicates is given, for example, by Riedel in Anorganische Chemie, 2
nd
edn., p. 490497, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin—N.Y. 1990. Of particular interest here are phyllosilicates (laminar or layer silicates) such as talc, kaolinite and mica, and the group comprising the bentonites and montmorillonites, and also tectosilicates, e.g. the group comprising the zeolites. Besides these, it is also possible to use silicon dioxide in the form of finely dispersed silica.
The silica here may have been prepared pyrogenically or by a wet chemical process. The silicates and silicas mentioned may have been provided with organic modifiers in order to achieve certain surface properties.
Other components B which may be used are glass powders, glass-ceramic powders and ceramic powders with a variety of makeups, e.g. as described in “Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industr
Nass Bernd
Schlosser Elke
Wanzke Wolfgang
Bisulca Anthony A.
Clariant GmbH
Toomer Cephia D.
LandOfFree
Flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers l does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers l, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Flame retardant combination for thermoplastic polymers l will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3094918