Fixation by ion exchange of toxic materials in a glass matrix

Details Fixation by ion exchange of toxic materials in a glass matrix Fixation by ion exchange of toxic materials in a glass matrix

1982-04-21

1984-09-04

Sebastian, Leland A.

Compositions

Radioactive compositions

65 301, 210682, 210688, 501 5B, 252179, C09K 300, C09K 1104

Patent

active

044696280

ABSTRACT:
This invention relates to the immobilization of toxic, e.g., radioactive, materials in a silicate glass or silica gel matrix for extremely long periods of time. Toxic materials, such as radioactive wastes containing radioactive cations, which may be in the form of liquids, or solids dissolved or dispersed in liquids or gases, are incorporated into a glass or silica gel matrix, having alkali metal, Group Ib metal and/or ammonium cations bonded to silicon atoms of said glass or silica gel through divalent oxygen linkages, by a process which involves the ion exchange of said toxic or radioactive cations with said alkali metal, Group Ib metal and/or ammonium cations to bind said toxic or radioactive cations to silicon atoms of said glass or silica gel through said silicon-bonded divalent oxygen linkages. Thereafter, the resulting glass or silica gel now characterized by toxic or radioactive cations bonded to silicon atoms through divalent oxygen linkages can be stored, or packaged in suitable containers, or disposed of as by burial, and/or sintered to collapse the pores thereof.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2616847 (1952-11-01), Ginell
patent: 3364148 (1968-01-01), Kivel
patent: 3936388 (1976-02-01), Unger et al.
patent: 4178270 (1979-12-01), Fujita et al.
Mizutani et al., J. Non-Crystalline Solids, vol. 30(1), 1978, pp. 23 to 27, abstracted in Chem. Abs., vol. 90, 1979, p. 431, 61739c.
Doremus, R. H., Glass Science, John Wiley & Sons, NY, 1973, p. 102.
Wolf et al., "The Preferred Separation", Chem. Abstracts, vol. 88, (1978), No. 130448e.
Unger et al., "Pressure-Stable Ion-Exchangers", Chem. Abstracts, vol. 80, 1974, No. 115789h.
Patrick et al., "Behavior of Silica Gel Towards Certain Alkalies", J. Phys. Chem., vol. 29, (1925), pp. 1400 to 1405.
Pierce Handbook and General Catalog, 1979-80, Pierce Chemical Co., 1978, pp. 356 to 379.

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