Fishing – trapping – and vermin destroying – Fishing – Artificial bait
Patent
1997-09-11
2000-01-04
Lavinder, Jack W.
Fishing, trapping, and vermin destroying
Fishing
Artificial bait
43 4206, 43 4499, 426 1, A01K 8501, A01K 9702
Patent
active
060096578
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
Long line fishing is a method of commercial fishing in which long lines having several thousand traces each with a baited hook attached to them are left suspended in the sea. The long lines are subsequently reeled in together with any fish that have been caught. One of the chief influences on the success of this type of fishing is the quality of the bait both in the sense of its attractiveness to fish and in the sense of its remaining on the hook and remaining in an attractive condition to the fish throughout the fishing period during which the long line is deployed.
BACKGROUND ART
EP-B-0,474,660 describes a fish bait suitable for the long line fishing industry comprising a natural bait material enclosed in a porous casing and cut into short lengths. The casing is made of a semi-permeable membrane and a mesh tube. The mesh tube provides structural strength for the bait package and ensures the retention of the bait by a hook. The semi-permeable membrane protects the natural bait material whilst allowing attractants to permeate through it into the sea to attract fish. This fish bait remains on the hook consistently as a result of the reinforcing mesh tube and remains effective for a long period of time as the attractants contained within the bait are metered out slowly through the semi-permeable membrane. The bait is very much cleaner and easier to use than pieces of raw fish, for example, and because it can be made to a standard uniform size, multi-hook line deployment, particularly using an automatic baiting machine, is more efficient.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a fish bait comprises individual pieces of bait material suspended and evenly distributed throughout a homogenised mixture of bait material and a gelling agent, enclosed in a supporting tubular mesh.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a process for manufacturing a fish bait comprises the steps of: homogenous mixture; material is suspended in the homogenous mixture; and, allowing the gelling agent to set.
Suitable gelling agents include alginate, guar gum, carrageenin, agar agar, pectine, gellan gum, xanthan gum and gelatine. Once set, the gelling agent stabilizes the suspended structure of the bait and allows the controlled release and diffusion of attractants as with the fish bait described in EP-B-0,474,660. Preferably, the gelling agent is an alginate. Alginate is a non-toxic biopolymer extracted from brown seaweed and is supplied in powdered form. It must be mixed with water before it will form a gel. Alginate is a cold soluble and cold setting gelling agent and therefore simplifies the mixing process.
Preferably, a gelling inhibitor, known as a sequestrant, is added to prevent the premature setting of the gelling agent. Preferably, the gelling inhibitor is tetra-sodium-pyrophosphate.
Preferably, the bait material comprises natural material. Suitable natural bait material includes whole fish, fish offal, mollusca or derivatives and substrates thereof. The bait material may also comprise synthetic chemical attractants but preferably, the bait material consists solely of natural material.
Preferably, the bait material in step 2 of the process is added over two or more stages of mixing to graduate the size of particles of bait material. Preferably, this bait material is chilled or partially frozen.
More preferably, the bait material added to the homogenous mixture in step 2 also comprises pieces of bait material which are mixed in the homogenous mixture for a sufficient period to distribute the bait material throughout the mixture without breaking up the pieces to any great extent. Preferably, the pieces of bait material are added over two or more stages of mixing.
Preferably, a gel activating agent is added to the suspended mixture before it is extruded. Preferably, in the case when alginate is used, the gel activating agent is a di-, tri- or polyvalent metal cation. Preferably the gel activating agent is a calcium salt solution. Most preferably, the gel
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Morton Peter
Rudi Ole Martin
Lavinder Jack W.
Norbait Da
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