Fire-extinguishing equipment

Details Fire-extinguishing equipment Fire-extinguishing equipment

1999-12-29

2001-05-01

Douglas, Lisa Ann (Department: 3752)

Fire extinguishers

Fluid systems

Gas-pressure discharge

C169S014000, C169S030000, C169S074000, C239S152000, C239S311000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06223827

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE ART
The invention relates to fire fighting equipment and is aimed at providing gas-liquid jets and mist screens, foam, and gas and powder jets.
STATE OF THE ART
Known in the art are fire extinguishing apparatus having devices for spraying liquid.
These prior art apparatus have a liquid and gas supply system and a gas dynamic nozzle which has a chamber for mixing liquid and gas (RU 94003528A, A62C31/02, 1995).
During operation of the prior art apparatus, a gas flow is accelerated in the gas dynamic nozzle, a dispersed liquid flow is injected into the gas flow during the acceleration, and the resulting two-phase flow is accelerated in the nozzle.
The most closely analogous device in the prior art is a portable fire extinguishing apparatus which has a vessel containing a fire extinguishing substance, at least one compressed gas bottle, flexible hoses connecting the vessel to the bottle, and an impulse device (a gun) for shooting the fire extinguishing substance, as well as a gas pressure regulator (IFEX 3000. Impulse Fire Extinguishing Technology. IFEX—Backpack Assembly IF-BP-300001-1. IFEX GmbH, Germany, 1995).
The fire extinguishing substance is expelled in the form of impulses at high velocity during a short time interval. The shot can be aimed in any direction by turning the barrel. A rubber diaphragm installed in the barrel ensures the spraying of the jet. During operation of the apparatus, the fire extinguishing substance is shot at high velocity under the action of compressed gas in the direction toward the source of the fire.
The apparatus of the prior art cannot, however, ensure high velocity of the fire extinguishing substance if the distance from the object surface (fire source) increases, nor can it work continuously. For this reason, the apparatus has to be used at a short distance from the source of fire. In addition, the source of fire can flare up again while the system is being recharged. The apparatus of the prior art has limited capabilities for controlling the liquid flow dispersion, which restricts the fire-extinguishing efficiency of the apparatus.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is based on the problem of increasing the range of supply of a fire extinguishing substance and ensuring control of dispersion in both continuous and impulse system operation modes.
The solution to these technical problems is aimed at improving the overall efficiency in using the fire extinguishing substance and at increasing the speed at which fires are extinguished.
The above object is accomplished by the fact that in a portable fire extinguishing apparatus comprising at least one vessel containing a fire extinguishing substance and one compressed gas bottle, a device for forming a directional flow of the fire extinguishing substance mixed with gas, flexible hoses connecting the vessel to the bottle and to the apparatus, and a working gas regulator, according to the invention, the device is provided with a mixing chamber for mixing the fire extinguishing substance with the gas, and a gas dynamic nozzle installed at the outlet of the chamber. The length of a profiled passage of the nozzle L is chosen based on the condition L≧2 d
min
, wherein d
min
is the diameter of the nozzle in the minimum size cross-section.
To improve mobility of the apparatus, the vessel and the gas bottle may be installed in a backpack.
Water is preferably used as the fire extinguishing substance (with various additives).
An annular nozzle may be used to compact (compress) the gas-droplet jet.
The core of the annular nozzle is preferably made as a cone, with the vertex of the cone facing toward the entry to the nozzle.
To control the escape mode of the jet of the fire extinguishing substance, it is preferable that the nozzle have an annular passage for supplying the working gas upstream of the minimum size cross-section of the nozzle passage.


REFERENCES:
patent: 2832425 (1958-04-01), Jacobs
patent: 2990165 (1961-06-01), Joseph
patent: 5330105 (1994-07-01), Kaylor
patent: 5623995 (1997-04-01), Smagac

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